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Generasi-Baru
robot i 'berpikir' biomimetik
dikembangkan sebagai solusi rekayasa lautan
Para peneliti sedang menciptakan
makhluk robot bawah air dengan otak mereka sendiri - selain berperilaku seperti
hal yang nyata. Dalam waktu dekat, .....bagi tim peneliti untuk menghasilkan segerombolan robot kecil penyu dan ikan misalnya, untuk
melakukan misi berbahaya seperti mendeteksi limbah nuklir di bawah air atau lainnya yang terlalu berbahaya bagi manusia............read
more
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New-generation
'thinking' biomimetic robots developed as ocean engineering solutions
Date:
December 23, 2014
Source:
National University of
Singapore
Summary:
Researchers are closer
to creating underwater robotic creatures with a brain of their own -- besides
behaving like the real thing. In the near future, it would not be too tall an
order for the team to produce a swarm of autonomous tiny robotic sea turtles
and fishes for example, to perform hazardous missions such as detecting nuclear
wastes underwater or other tasks too dangerous for humans.
..........................
NUS Engineering
researchers are closer to creating underwater robotic creatures with a brain of
their own -- besides behaving like the real thing. In the near future, it would
not be too tall an order for the team to produce a swarm of autonomous tiny
robotic sea turtles and fishes for example, to perform hazardous missions such
as detecting nuclear wastes underwater or other tasks too dangerous for humans.
In the underwater robotic world, turtle robots are among the most
maneuverable. The NUS team's turtle robot, besides being maneuverable, can also
go about determinedly performing what it is set out to do, while being able to
react to exigencies and obstacles.
Associate Professor S K Panda leads a team of researchers at the Electrical
and Computer Engineering Department are involved in the research and
development of biomimetic solutions in ocean engineering -- looking towards
nature for solutions to technical challenges with robots mimicking natural
systems. The team is currently putting the final touches to a robotic sea
turtle which could move about underwater, including diving to deeper depths
vertically, like a real turtle, by just using its front and hind limb gait
movements.
Explains Assoc Prof Panda, "Our turtle robot does not use a ballast
system which is commonly used in underwater robots for diving or sinking
functions. Without this ballast system, it is much smaller and lighter,
enabling it to carry bigger payloads so that it can perform more complicated
tasks such as surveillance, water quality monitoring in Singapore reservoir or
energy harvesting for long endurance. Being able to do a dynamic dive or
sinking vertically means that it can also enter vertical tunnels or pipes in
the seabed with very small diameters."
Being smaller and lighter would also enhance its energy efficiency. The NUS
turtle robot is also able to self-charge, further reducing the need for it to
return to base station for recharging. It is agile and able to turn sharp
corners with small radius, without losing speed.
Added Assoc Prof Panda, "We can have a swarm of tiny turtles which
communicate with each other and act collaboratively to perform their duties.
With improved maneuverability they can go to tiny and narrow places like
crevices where bigger vessels are unable to do so."
Mr Abhra Roy Chowdhury who has been working towards lifelike underwater
robots for the last three years for his PhD, said the team has designed and
developed four other underwater prototypes -- a spherical robot that mimics a
puffer fish in structure but uses a jet propulsion technique similar to
jellyfishes and squids; and three robotic fishes of different morphologies.
These robots are scalable, modular and possess stealth (ability to avoid
detection) features.
"If need be, we can actually combine all their merits in a single
robot," added Mr Chowdhury.
Robots with lifelike 'brain' and muscles
Mr Chowdhury first developed a lifelike fish robot some three years ago --
after spending a considerable amount of time studying the maneuverable and
energy efficient movements of real fishes.
"For example, many fishes using body-caudal fin (BCF) locomotion, bend
their bodies into a backward-moving propulsive wave that extends to caudal fin
while fishes using median-paired fin (MPF) locomotion use their other fins like
dorsal and anal to propel themselves," he explains.
He had studied the yellow-fin tuna and the freshwater largemouth bass
specifically as they have the most common fish body types as well as swimming
patterns. Both are found to be efficient swimmers in sea-environment. He has
further developed a novel bio-inspired dynamics and behavior based control
architecture for these biomimetic platforms.
Another member of the team, Research Engineer Mr Bhuneshwar Prasad, has
also developed a spherical robot. This robot can be used for oceanic surveys,
inspections of pipe and cable, inspection of a ship hull or a propeller's
shaft, for example. The spherical robot is vision-based and uses a "visual
servoing" system comprising of an on-board bottom facing camera module
that is color-coded to extract the position information and then guide the
robot.
"The spherical underwater robot, using a self-ballast system, is able
to dock on soft ground to harvest energy from underwater currents. Once on the
seabed, the robot can be placed in the sleep mode, with only monitoring sensors
awake, to harvest power from the underwater current through dynamo based rotor
blades," he explains.
Looking forward
"We expect to invent robots capable of performing collaborative
intervention missions three to five years down the road. What we plan to do in
the near future is to develop robot fish with muscles which can undulate the
way real fish do. For this, we need to develop special actuators. We also aim
to develop central pattern generators which will enable the fish to respond to
external stimuli so that it can make crucial decisions to complete a critical
mission." said Assoc Prof Panda.
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by National University of Singapore. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.