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Kanker kepala dan leher pada orang dewasa muda lebih mungkin akibat faktor keturunan

Sebuah Data  studi baru dari 25 studi kasus - kontrol dan melakukan analisis terpisah untuk menunjukkan bahwa kanker kepala dan leher  pada orang dewasa muda lebih cenderung sebagai akibat dari faktor keturunan , bukan faktor gaya hidup seperti merokok atau minum alkohol ......read more

Head and neck
cancers in young adults are more likely to be a result of inherited factors

Date:

January 22, 2015

Source:

Oxford University
Press

Summary:

A new study pools data
from 25 case-control studies and conducts separate analyses to show that head and
neck cancers in young adults are more likely to be as a result of inherited
factors, rather than lifestyle factors such as smoking or drinking alcohol.

....................

An article published
online in the International Journal of
Epidemiologypools data from 25 case-control studies and conducts
separate analyses to show that head and neck cancers (HNC) in young adults are
more likely to be as a result of inherited factors, rather than lifestyle
factors such as smoking or drinking alcohol.

Approximately 550,000 new cases of HNC are diagnosed worldwide annually,
with an increased incidence in young adults (YA) also being reported. In
particular, reports indicate an increase in tumours affecting the tongue and
oropharynx among young adults in Europe, the United States, India, and China.

Dr Tatiana Natasha Toporcov and colleagues pooled data from 25 studies from
the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium to
compare the role of major risk factors and family history in HNC for YA (45
years of age or younger) and older adults (over 45 years of age). Participants
were surveyed about their history of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and
diet, as well as family history of cancer. In total, there were 2,010 cases and
4,042 controls in YA, and 17,700 cases and 22,704 controls in older adults.

The attributable fraction (an estimate of the proportion of cases which
could be avoided if the exposures were eliminated) for smoking on the risk of
HNC was 20% in young women, 49% in older women, 46% in young men, and 64% in
older men. The attributable fraction for drinking alcohol on the risk of HNC
was 5% in young women, 20% in older women, 22% in young men, and 50% in older
men. Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables was shown to be inversely
associated with the risk of HNC in both age groups.

Family history of any type of cancer was directly associated with HNC risk
only among the older group, but a family history of early-onset cancer
was associated with HNC risk only in YA. The attributable fraction for family
history of early onset cancer on the risk of HNC was 23% in young adults and 2%
in older adults.

Dr Toporcov says: "To our knowledge, this is the largest study to
evaluate the role of the major risk factors for HNC in young adults as well as
to compare risks in younger and older patients. The large sample size allowed
us to elucidate any differences in the role of risk factors in HNC in YA
according to age group, sex and cancer sub sites.

"Although they were less likely to be drinkers and/or smokers, alcohol
consumption was a risk factor for HNC in YA. However, a stronger association
with heavy drinking was observed for the older group. Our results also indicate
that the inverse association with fruit and vegetable intake is similar among
young and older populations. YA were more likely to have been diagnosed with
oral and oropharynx cancer than older adults. Also, early onset cancer in the
family was associated with HNC risk only among YA.

"Our results support public health efforts to decrease exposure to
major risk factors for HNC in the population regardless of age. However,
investigations of the role of other risk factors, such as human papilloma virus
and inherited characteristics, on HNC in the younger age group are warranted."

Key messages:

· Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were associated with a risk of HNC
in younger adults (age 45 or less) and older adults (over 45), although in
younger adults the association was weaker, probably due to shorter exposure.

· The protective effects of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables on HNC was
consistent across younger and older people

· Family history of early onset cancers was associated with an increased
risk of HNC in young adults, but not older ones










Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by Oxford University Press. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.










Journal Reference:

1.    A. J. Oldehinkel, J. G. Rosmalen, J. K.
Buitelaar, H. W. Hoek, J. Ormel, D. Raven, S. A. Reijneveld, R. Veenstra, F. C.
Verhulst, W. A. Vollebergh, C. A. Hartman.Cohort Profile Update: The
TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS)

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150122114551.htm

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