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Semut api eropa dampak ekosistem hutan dengan membantu tanaman asing menyebar
Sebuah spesies semut invasif yang semakin melimpah di bagian timur Amerika
Utara tidak hanya menyebar dan
memberikan sengatan jahat, juga membantu
penyebaran spesies tanaman invasif. Semut adalah penyebar sangat efektif bibit
tanaman invasif dan penelitian baru menunjukkan bahwa mereka bersama-sama bisa mendatangkan malapetaka pada ekosistem
asli....read more
European fire
ant impacts forest ecosystems by helping alien plants spread
Date:
December 24, 2014
Source:
University of Toronto
Summary:
An invasive ant
species that has become increasingly abundant in eastern North America not only
takes over yards and delivers a nasty sting, it's helping the spread of an
invasive plant species. The ants are very effective dispersers of invasive
plant seeds and new research suggests that together they could wreak havoc on
native ecosystems
.......................
An invasive ant species
that has become increasingly abundant in eastern North America not only takes
over yards and delivers a nasty sting, it's helping the spread of an invasive
plant species. The ants are very effective dispersers of invasive plant seeds and
new research suggests that together they could wreak havoc on native
ecosystems.
University of Toronto researchers have found that the European fire ant,
Myrmica rubra, disperses seeds of both native and invasive plants, but it does
a much better job of helping an invasive plant to spread.
"Ecologists think invasive species might help each other to
proliferate, but there are few good examples. They talk about 'invasional
meltdown,' because ecosystems could be very, very rapidly taken over by
invasive species if invaders help each other out," said evolutionary
biologist Megan Frederickson, one of the authors of the study, published
December 24 in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B. "Our
results suggest that invasional meltdown could be happening right under our
noses, here in Ontario."
The research was conducted at U of T's field station, the Koffler
Scientific Reserve at Jokers Hill. The team created artificial ecological
communities -- mesocosms -- inside 42 small plastic children's swimming pools.
The researchers filled each pool with soil and planted four species of
spring wildflowers -- three native species (sharp-lobed hepatica, Canadian wild
ginger and bloodroot) and one invasive species: greater celandine. They then
collected colonies of either the European fire ant or a native woodland ant and
added the colonies to the pools. The ants picked up and moved seeds of these
plant species and the researchers watched what happened.
"The pools with the invasive ant were overrun by the invasive plant,
but pools with the native ant had lots of native plants," says co-author
and ecologist Kirsten Prior. The invasive ant moved lots of seeds of all four
plant species, but the invasive plant took advantage of being dispersed more
than the other species and recruited in very large numbers.
"Unfortunately, as a result of humans rapidly moving species around
the globe through trade and traffic, most ecosystems are now home to numerous
invasive species," said Prior. "Our finding that multiple invasive
species can accelerate invasion and cause ecosystems to become dominated by
invasive species is a troubling one. Invasive species are a leading threat to
natural ecosystems, and can have impacts on society. Research on how ecosystems
become invaded and the consequences of invasion is important. It sets us on the
right path to develop solutions to reduce the spread and impact of these
harmful species."
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by University of
Toronto. The original article was written by Kim Luke. Note: Materials may
be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. K. M. Prior, J. M. Robinson, S. A.
Meadley Dunphy, M. E. Frederickson.Mutualism between co-introduced species
facilitates invasion and alters plant community structure. Proceedings
of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014; 282 (1800): 20142846
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.2846