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Anda ketika Anda makan : studi menemukan, Membatasi waktu  untuk jam makan tertentu melindungi hati terhadap penuaan

Membatasi waktu  untuk jam makan tertentu maka melindungi hati mereka terhadap penuaan , penelitian telah menunjukkan . ....Penelitian sebelumnya telah menemukan bahwa orang-orang yang cenderung untuk makan kemudian  hingga bahkan  malam memiliki kesempatan lebih tinggi terkena penyakit jantung dibandingkan orang yang  konsumsi makanan mereka lebih awal . " Jadi apa yang terjadi ketika orang makan terlambat ? " tanya seorang ahli biologi yang penelitiannya berfokus pada fisiologi kardiovaskular . " Mereka tidak mengubah pola makan mereka , hanya waktu . "....read more

You are when you
eat: Limiting flies to specific eating hours protects their hearts against
aging, study finds

Date:

March 12, 2015

Source:

San Diego State
University

Summary:

Limiting flies to
specific eating hours protected their hearts against aging, a study has
demonstrated. Previous research has found that people who tend to eat later in
the day and into the night have a higher chance of developing heart disease
than people who cut off their food consumption earlier. "So what's
happening when people eat late?" asked a biologist whose research focuses
on cardiovascular physiology. "They're not changing their diet, just the
time."

...........................

 If you're looking to improve your heart health by
changing your diet, when you eat may be just as important as what you eat. In a
new study published today in Science, researchers
at San Diego State University and the Salk Institute for Biological Studies
found that by limiting the time span during which fruit flies could eat, they
could prevent aging- and diet-related heart problems. The researchers also
discovered that genes responsible for the body's circadian rhythm are integral
to this process, but they're not yet sure how.

Previous research has found that people who tend to eat later in the day
and into the night have a higher chance of developing heart disease than people
who cut off their food consumption earlier.

"So what's happening when people eat late?" asked Girish Melkani,
a biologist at SDSU whose research focuses on cardiovascular physiology.
"They're not changing their diet, just the time."

Melkani, one of the paper's senior authors, teamed up with Satchidananda
Panda, a circadian rhythms expert at the Salk Institute, to address whether
changing the daily eating patterns of fruit flies could affect their heart
health. Fruit flies have long been used as model organisms to identify the
genetic basis of human disease, including cardiovascular disease.

Shubhroz Gill, a postdoctoral researcher in Panda's lab and now at the
Broad Institute in Boston, was the lead author on this study. Hiep D. Le of the
Salk Institute also contributed to the study.

Time flies

In their experiments, one group of 2-week-old fruit flies was given a
standard diet of cornmeal and allowed to feed all day long. Another group was
allowed access to the food for only 12 hours a day. Over the course of several
weeks, Melkani and Gill recorded how much food the flies were eating and tested
a battery of health measures related to their sleep, body weight and heart
physiology.

After three weeks, the results were clear: Flies on the 12-hour
time-restricted feeding schedule slept better, didn't gain as much weight and
had far healthier hearts than their "eat anytime" counterparts, even
though they ate similar amounts of food. The researchers observed the same
results after five weeks.

"In very early experiments, when we compared 5-week-old flies that
were fed for either 24 hours or 12 hours, the hearts of the latter were in such
good shape that we thought perhaps we had mistaken some young 3-week-old fruit
flies for the older group," Gill said. "We had to repeat the
experiments several times to become convinced that this improvement was truly
due to the time-restricted feeding."

What's more, another set of experiments revealed that the benefits of a
time-restricted diet weren't exclusive to young flies. When the researchers
introduced these dietary time restrictions to older flies, their hearts became
healthier, too. (The average lifespan of a fruit fly is about 60 days.)

"Even if you introduce time-restricted feeding very late, you still
have some benefit," Melkani said.

Some degree of heart protection persisted even for flies that went back to
eating whenever they wanted, he added.

Key genes

Next, the researchers sequenced the RNA of the flies at various points in
the experiment to find which of their genes had changed as a result of
time-restricted feeding. They identified three genetic pathways that appear to
be involved: the TCP-1 ring complex chaperonin, which helps proteins fold;
mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (mETC); and a suite of genes
responsible for the body's circadian rhythm.

Melkani and Gill repeated their experiments using mutant strains of flies
with nonfunctional versions of the TCP-1 and circadian rhythm genes. In these
flies, time-restricted feeding granted no health benefits, strengthening the
case that these genetic pathways play key roles.

Conversely, in mutant flies with altered mETC genes, the flies showed
increased protection against cardiac aging.

"If and how these three pathways all work together, we don't yet know
entirely," Melkani said.

Nix the late-night snacks

The results complement earlier research from Panda's lab showing benefits
of time-restricted feeding for obesity, metabolic diseases and type-2 diabetes
in rodents.

"All together, these results reinforce the idea that the daily eating
pattern has a profound impact on both the body and the brain," Panda said.

Gill noted that there are some hurdles to clear before extrapolating this research
to humans.

"Humans don't consume the same food every day," he said.
"And our lifestyle is a major determinant of when we can and cannot eat.
But at the very minimum, our studies offer some context in which we should be
pursuing such questions in humans."

Melkani is optimistic that the results could one day translate into
cardiac- and obesity-related health benefits for humans. "Time-restricted
feeding would not require people to drastically change their lifestyles, just
the times of day they eat," Melkani said. "The take-home message then
would be to cut down on the late-night snacks."







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by San
Diego State University. The original article was written by Michael Price. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    Satchidananda Panda et al. Time-restricted
feeding attenuates age-related cardiac decline in Drosophila. Science,
March 2015 DOI:10.1126/science.1256682

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150312143024.htm

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