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Kemungkinan kemajuan terhadap Parkinson dan kabar baik untuk terapi sel induk

Para peneliti telah mengambil langkah penting menuju menggunakan implantasi neuron sel yang dihasilkan induk sebagai pengobatan untuk penyakit Parkinson . Menggunakan FDA zat disetujui untuk mengobati kanker , mereka mampu menumbuhkan  neuron memproduksi dopamin yang berasal dari sel induk embrio yang tetap sehat dan fungsional selama 15 bulan setelah implantasi ke tikus , memulihkan fungsi motorik tanpa membentuk tumor .....read more

Possible
progress against Parkinson's and good news for stem cell therapies

Date:

April 3, 2015

Source:

D'Or Institute for
Research and Education

Summary:

Researchers have taken
an important step toward using the implantation of stem cell-generated neurons
as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. Using an FDA approved substance for
treating cancer, they were able to grow dopamine-producing neurons derived from
embryonic stem cells that remained healthy and functional for as long as 15
months after implantation into mice, restoring motor function without forming
tumors.

.....................

brazilian researchers at
D'OR Institute for Research and Education (IDOR) and Federal University of Rio
de Janeiro (UFRJ) have taken what they describe as an important step toward
using the implantation of stem cell-generated neurons as a treatment for
Parkinson's disease. Using an FDA approved substance for treating stomach
cancer, Rehen and colleagues were able to grow dopamine-producing neurons
derived from embryonic stem cells that remained healthy and functional for as
long as 15 months after implantation into mice, restoring motor function
without forming tumors.

Parkinson's, which affect as many 10 million people in the world, is caused
by a depletion of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain. Current treatments
include medications and electrical implants in the brain which causes severe
adverse effects over time and fail to prevent disease progression. Several
studies have indicated that the transplantation of embryonic stem cells
improves motor functions in animal models. However, until now, the procedure has
shown to be unsafe, because of the risk of tumors upon transplantation.

To address this issue, the researchers tested for the first time to
pre-treat undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells with mitomycin C, a drug
already prescribed to treat cancer. The substance blocks the DNA replication
and prevents the cells to multiply out of control.

The researchers used mice modeled for Parkinson's. The animals were
separated in three groups. The first one, the control group, did not receive
the stem cell implant. The second one, received the implant of stem cells which
were not treated with mitomycin C and the third one received the mitomycin C
treated cells.

After the injection of 50,000 untreated stem cells, the animals of the
second group showed improvement in motor functions but all of them died between
3 and 7 weeks later. These animals also developed intracerebral tumors. In
contrast, animals receiving the treated stem cells showed improvement of
Parkinson's symptoms and survived until the end of the observation period of 12
weeks post-transplant with no tumors detected. Four of these mice were
monitored for as long as 15 months with no signs of pathology.

Furthermore, the scientists have also shown that treating the stem cells
with mitomycin C induced a four-fold increase in the release of dopamine after
in vitro differentiation.

"This simple strategy of shortly exposing pluripotent stem cells to an
anti-cancer drug turned the transplant safer, by eliminating the risk of tumor
formation," says the leader of the study Stevens Rehen, Professor at UFRJ
and researcher at IDOR.

The discovery, reported on April in the journal Frontiers in
Cellular Neuroscience, could pave the way for researchers and physicians to
propose a clinical trial using pluripotent stem cells treated with mitomycin C
prior to transplant to treat Parkinson's patients and also other
neurodegenerative conditions.

"Our technique with mitomycin C may speed the proposal of clinical
trials with pluripotent cells to several human diseases," says Rehen.
"It is the first step to make this kind of treatment with stem cells
possible."







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by D'Or
Institute for Research and Education. Note: Materials may be edited for content
and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    Mariana Acquarone, Thiago Melo, Fernanda
G. Meireles Ferreira, Jordano Brito-Moreira, Gabriel Oliveira, Sergio Ferreira,
Newton Castro, Fernanda Tovar-Moll, Jean Christophe Houzel and Stevens K.
Rehen. Mitomycin-treated undifferentiated embryonic stem cells as a
safe and effective therapeutic strategy in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Front.
Cell. Neurosci., 2015 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00097

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150403104223.htm

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