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What to do if you are bitten by a snake

Date:

December 1, 2010

Source:

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

Summary:

Should you be the victim of a snakebite, the best thing you can do is get
to a hospital as quickly as possible, according to a new review article.

........................

Should you be the victim of a snakebite, the best thing you can do is get
to a hospital as quickly as possible, according to a new review article from
the Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (JAAOS). Current
medical treatments, including new medications and surgery, if necessary, are
far more effective for snakebites than anything you can do on your own.

"Previous generations of antivenin medications were notorious for
causing negative systemic reactions," says Adam W. Anz, MD, an orthopaedic
surgeon at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC.
"But the antivenins we have available today can not only help avoid
long-term damage from the snake venom, but they can also prevent the need for
more invasive medical treatment."

Snakebite
     symptoms can range from pain, swelling, and bruising to an irregular
     heartbeat, paralysis, and muscle twitching.


Surgery is very rarely, yet sometimes necessary to treat damage incurred
from a snakebite, in cases where severe swelling compromises blood flow. This
is not the only reason that orthopaedic surgeons are often consulted on these
types of injuries.

"Orthopaedic surgeons are experts in regard to treating the
extremities, and the hands and feet are the parts of the body most often bitten
by snakes," says Dr. Anz. "This is why it is important for
orthopaedic surgeons and the public to know about the effects of venom and the
best ways to treat snakebites."

Tips for avoiding snakebites:

Understand
     the types of environments where people are likely to encounter snakes. For
     example, wooded areas with deep piles of leaves or stacks of wood are
     frequently home to snakes.


If you
     encounter a snake, get away from it. Do not attempt to pick it up or threaten
     its safety in any way. More than half of all bites occur when people
     interact inappropriately with snakes.


If you are bitten:

Identify
     the type of snake if possible. If a smartphone or other camera is
     available, take a photo of the snake and bring it with you to the
     hospital.


Get
     away from the snake.


Do not
     attempt to suck out the venom.


Do not
     apply a tourniquet unless you have a great deal of knowledge about snakes
     and the effects of snakebites. For some types of venom, a tourniquet can
     actually do more harm than good.


Immobilize
     the affected body part.


Remove
     all rings or restrictive jewelry on the affected limb, since snakebites
     often cause swelling.


Get to
     a hospital or healthcare facility as quickly as you can. Do not wait and
     watch for symptoms.


Relevant facts and statistics:

Approximately
     45,000 snakebite injuries are reported annually in the United States.


Seventy
     to 80 percent of snakebites occur in males.


More
     than half of snakebites are to the hand(s).


Most
     snakebites result from intentional exposure, whether in a professional
     context (e.g., snake handling) or nonprofessional context (e.g., playing
     with snakes in the wild).


Alcohol
     consumption is involved in the majority of bites, resulting from risky
     behavior.


The
     high correlation between alcohol use and hand injury implies that bites
     occur when the victim is behaving in an unsafe manner, not when he or she
     is attempting to evade the snake.








Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided
by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/12/101201142504.htm

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