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Bakteri laut dalam bisa membantu menetralisir gas rumah kaca
Date:
October 22, 2015
Source:
University of Florida
Summary:
Suatu jenis bakteri yang dipetik dari dasar laut dapat dimasukkan untuk bekerja menetralkan sejumlah besar karbon dioksida industri di atmosfer bumi , telah ditemukan oleh sekelompok peneliti .
........... Karbon dioksida , penyumbang utama penumpukan gas rumah kaca di atmosfer , dapat ditangkap dan dinetralkan dalam proses yang dikenal sebagai penyerapan . Kebanyakan karbon dioksida atmosfer dihasilkan dari pembakaran bahan bakar fosil , limbah yang dikenal sebagai gas buang . Tapi mengubah karbon dioksida menjadi senyawa berbahaya membutuhkan , enzim yang toleran terhadap panas yang tahan lama . Di situlah bakteri dipelajari oleh para peneliti UF Health . Bakteri --Thiomicrospira crunogena - menghasilkan karbonat anhidrase , enzim yang membantu menghilangkan karbon dioksida dalam organisme ....more
Deep-sea
bacteria could help neutralize greenhouse gas
Date:
October 22, 2015
Source:
University of Florida
Summary:
A type of bacteria plucked from the bottom of the ocean could be put to
work neutralizing large amounts of industrial carbon dioxide in the Earth's
atmosphere, a group of researchers has found.
..................
A type of bacteria plucked from the bottom of the ocean could be put to
work neutralizing large amounts of industrial carbon dioxide in the Earth's
atmosphere, a group of University of Florida researchers has found.
Carbon dioxide, a major contributor to the buildup of atmospheric
greenhouse gases, can be captured and neutralized in a process known as
sequestration. Most atmospheric carbon dioxide is produced from fossil fuel
combustion, a waste known as flue gas. But converting the carbon dioxide into a
harmless compound requires a durable, heat-tolerant enzyme. That's where the
bacterium studied by UF Health researchers comes into play. The bacterium --Thiomicrospira
crunogena -- produces carbonic anhydrase, an enzyme that helps remove
carbon dioxide in organisms.
So what makes the deep-sea bacterium so attractive? It lives near
hydrothermal vents, so the enzyme it produces is accustomed to high
temperatures. That's exactly what's needed for the enzyme to work during the
process of reducing industrial carbon dioxide, said Robert McKenna, Ph.D., a
professor of biochemistry and molecular biology in the UF College of Medicine,
a part of UF Health.
"This little critter has evolved to deal with those extreme
temperature and pressure problems. It has already adapted to some of the
conditions it would face in an industrial setting," he said.
The findings by the McKenna group, which included graduate research
assistants Brian Mahon and Avni Bhatt, were published recently in the
journals Acta Crystallographica D: Biological Crystallography and Chemical
Engineering Science.
The chemistry of sequestering works this way: The enzyme, carbonic
anhydrase, catalyzes a chemical reaction between carbon dioxide and water. The
carbon dioxide interacts with the enzyme, converting the greenhouse gas into
bicarbonate. The bicarbonate can then be further processed into products such
as baking soda and chalk.
In an industrial setting, the UF researchers believe the carbonic anhydrase
could be captured this way: The carbonic anhydrase would be immobilized with
solvent inside a reactor vessel that serves as a large purification column.
Flue gas would be passed through the solvent, with the carbonic anhydrase
converting the carbon dioxide into bicarbonate.
Neutralizing industrial quantities of carbon dioxide can require a
significant amount of carbonic anhydrase, so McKenna's group found a way to
produce the enzyme without repeatedly harvesting it from the sea floor. The
enzyme can be produced in a laboratory using a genetically engineered version
of the common E. coli bacteria. So far, the UF Health researchers
have produced several milligrams of the carbonic anhydrase, though Bhatt said
much larger quantities would be needed to neutralize carbon dioxide on an
industrial scale.
That's just one of the challenges researchers face before the enzyme could
be put to use against carbon dioxide in real-world settings. While it has good
heat tolerance, the enzyme studied by McKenna's team isn't particularly
efficient.
"You want it to do the reaction faster and more efficiently,"
Bhatt said. "The fact that it has such a high thermal stability makes it a
good candidate for further study."
Ideally, Bhatt said, more research will produce a variant of the enzyme
that is both heat-tolerant and fast-acting enough that it can be used in
industrial settings. Next, they want to study ways to increase the enzyme's
stability and longevity, which are important issues to be addressed before the
enzyme could be put into widespread industrial use.
While carbonic anhydrase's ability to neutralize carbon dioxide has been
widely studied by McKenna and other scientists around the world for some time,
finding the best enzyme and putting it to work in an efficient and affordable
carbon sequestration system has been challenging. Still, McKenna said he is
encouraged by the prospect of discoveries that could ultimately benefit the
planet.
"It shows that it's physically possible to take known enzymes such as
carbonic anhydrase and utilize them to pull carbon dioxide out of flue
gas," he said.
The study was funded by grant GM25154 from the National Institutes of
Health and grant NSF-MCB-0643713 from the National Science Foundation.
Story Source:
The above post is reprinted from materials provided byUniversity of Florida. The original item was written by Doug Bennett. Note: Materials
may be edited for content and length.