Pengasaman laut beresiko pada kepiting NW Dungeness
Studi menemukan pH lebih rendah
mengurangi kelangsungan hidup larva kepiting
Date:
May 18, 2016
Source:
NOAA Fisheries West Coast Region
Summary:
Pengasaman laut diperkirakan akan menemani perubahan iklim dapat memperlambat perkembangan dan mengurangi kelangsungan hidup tahap larva dari kepiting Dungeness, komponen kunci dari ekosistem laut Northwest dan perikanan terbesar dengan pendapatan di Pantai Barat.
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Sebuah studi baru menemukan , Pengasaman laut diperkirakan akan menemani perubahan iklim dapat memperlambat perkembangan dan mengurangi kelangsungan hidup tahap larva dari kepiting Dungeness, komponen kunci dari ekosistem laut Northwest dan perikanan terbesar dengan pendapatan di Pantai Barat.
Penelitian oleh NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center di Seattle menunjukkan bahwa pH menurun diantisipasi di Puget Sound bisa membahayakan populasi kepiting Dungeness dan menempatkan perikanan beresiko. Penelitian baru ini diterbitkan dalam jurnal Marine Biology.
Pengasaman laut terjadi sebagai laut menyerap karbon dioksida dari pembakaran bahan bakar fosil. Rata-rata pH permukaan laut diperkirakan akan turun menjadi sekitar 7,8 di lepas pantai barat pada tahun 2050, dan bisa turun lebih lanjut selama periode upwelling pesisir.
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Ocean
acidification puts NW Dungeness crab at risk
Study finds lower pH reduces survival of crab larvae
Date:
May 18, 2016
Source:
NOAA Fisheries West Coast Region
Summary:
Ocean acidification
expected to accompany climate change may slow development and reduce survival
of the larval stages of Dungeness crab, a key component of the Northwest marine
ecosystem and the largest fishery by revenue on the West Coast, a new study has
found.
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Ocean acidification expected to accompany climate change may slow
development and reduce survival of the larval stages of Dungeness crab, a key
component of the Northwest marine ecosystem and the largest fishery by revenue
on the West Coast, a new study has found.
The research by NOAA
Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center in Seattle indicates that the
declining pH anticipated in Puget Sound could jeopardize populations of
Dungeness crab and put the fishery at risk. The study was recently published in
the journal Marine Biology.
Ocean acidification
occurs as the ocean absorbs carbon dioxide from the combustion of fossil fuels.
Average ocean surface pH is expected to drop to about 7.8 off the West Coast by
2050, and could drop further during coastal upwelling periods.
Dungeness crab is the
highest revenue fishery in Washington and Oregon, and the second most valuable
in California, although the fishery was recently closed in some areas because
of a harmful algal bloom. The Dungeness crab harvest in 2014 was worth more
than $80 million in Washington, $48 million in Oregon and nearly $67 million in
California
"I have great
faith in the resiliency of nature, but I am concerned," said Jason Miller,
lead author of the research, which was part of his dissertation. "Crab
larvae in our research were three times more likely to die when exposed to a pH
that can already be found in Puget Sound, our own back yard, today."
Scientists collected
eggs from Dungeness crabs in Puget Sound and placed them in tanks at the
NWFSC's Montlake Research Laboratory. The tanks held seawater with a range of
pH levels reflecting current conditions as well as the lower pH occasionally
encountered in Puget Sound when deep water wells up near the surface. Larvae
also went into tanks with the even lower-pH conditions expected with ocean
acidification.
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Para ilmuwan mengumpulkan telur dari kepiting Dungeness di Puget Sound dan menempatkan mereka dalam tangki di NWFSC's Montlake Research Laboratory . Tank-tank air laut dengan berbagai tingkat pH yang mencerminkan kondisi saat ini serta pH rendah kadang-kadang ditemui di Puget Sound . Larva juga di tangki dengan kondisi pH yang lebih rendah dengan pengasaman laut .
"The question was
whether the lower pH we can expect to see in Puget Sound interferes with
development of the next generation of Dungeness crab," said Paul McElhany,
a NOAA Fisheries research scientist and senior author of the paper.
"Clearly the answer is yes. Now the question is, how does that play out in
terms of affecting their life cycle and populations overall?"
Larvae hatched at the
same rate regardless of pH, but those at lower pH took longer to hatch and
progressed through their larval stages more slowly. Scientists suggested that
the lower pH may reduce the metabolic rate of embryos. That could extend their
vulnerable larval period, or could jeopardize the timing of their development
in relation to key food sources, researchers suggested.
Larval survival also
dropped by more than half at lower pH. At pH 8.0, roughly equivalent to
seawater today, 58 percent of the crab larvae -- called zoeae -- survived for
45 days. At pH 7.5, which sometimes occurs in Puget Sound now, survival was 14
percent. At pH 7.1, which is expected to roughly approximate the pH of water
upwelling on the West Coast with ocean acidification, zoeae survival remained low
at 21 percent.
"Areas of
greatest vulnerability will likely be where deep waters, naturally low in pH,
meet acidified surface waters," such as areas of coastal upwelling along
the West Coast and in estuary environments such Hood Canal, the new study predicts.
Story Source:
The above post is
reprinted from materials provided by NOAA
Fisheries West Coast Region. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1.
Jason J. Miller, Michael Maher, Erin Bohaboy, Carolyn S. Friedman, Paul
McElhany. Exposure to low pH reduces survival and delays development in
early life stages of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister). Marine
Biology, 2016; 163 (5) DOI: 10.1007/s00227-016-2883-1