species 500-juta tahun yang menawarkan wawasan ke dalam kehidupan cacing
berkaki kuno-T-REC
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budi pradana--berita artikel terkait tentang species,purba,cacing,cacing
berkaki
species 500-juta tahun yang menawarkan wawasan ke dalam kehidupan cacing
berkaki kuno
Tanggal:
30 Januari 2017
Sumber:
BioMed Central
Ringkasan:
Sebuah spesies baru dari lobopodian,
hewan seperti cacing dengan kaki yang lembut dari periode Cambrian
(541-485000000 tahun yang lalu), telah dijelaskan untuk pertama kalinya dari
fosil yang ditemukan di Burgess Shale di Pegunungan Rocky Kanada.
......................................
Sebuah spesies baru dari lobopodian,
hewan seperti cacing dengan kaki yang lembut dari periode Cambrian
(541-485000000 tahun yang lalu), telah dijelaskan untuk pertama kalinya dari
fosil yang ditemukan di Burgess Shale di Pegunungan Rocky Kanada. Rincian dari
spesies baru, yang disebut Ovatiovermis cribratus, sedang diterbitkan dalam
jurnal akses terbuka BMC Evolutionary Biology pekan ini.
Dr Jean-Bernard Caron, kurator senior
paleontologi invertebrata di Royal Ontario Museum (ROM), associate profesor di
University of Toronto di Departemen Ilmu Bumi dan Ekologi & Biologi
Evolusioner, dan penulis utama studi tersebut, mengatakan: "Ovatiovermis
adalah tidak lebih dari ibu jari saya dengan semua anggota badan terentang dan
hanya diketahui dari dua spesimen. Namun ini spesies baru yang memberikan
wawasan baru yang fantastis ke dalam ekologi dan hubungan ke lobopodians, sekelompok invertebrata laut
terutama Cambrian yang merupakan kunci untuk pemahaman kita tentang tardigrades
yang modern , onychophorans dan kelompok terbesar dari hewan di Bumi -.
arthropoda "
Para peneliti percaya bahwa cakar
bengkok kuat pada tungkai belakang mungkin telah memungkinkan Ovatiovermis dan
spesies lobopodian terkait lainnya untuk jangkar mereka sendiri pada permukaan keras dan kurang lebih dapat
berdiri tegak. Dua pasang anggota badan
spinulose panjang (berbulu atau runcing)
ke arah depan tubuh akan kemudian telah digunakan untuk menyaring atau
mengumpulkan makanan dari air dan membawa lebih dekat ke mulut binatang '.
label
species 500-juta tahun yang menawarkan wawasan ke dalam kehidupan cacing
berkaki kuno,cacing,lobopodian,Cambrian,Kanada,tardigrades,onychophorans,arthropoda,Ovatiovermis cribratus,Ovatiovermis,spinulose,Caprellidae
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500-million year-old species offers insights into the lives
of ancient legged worms
Date:
January
30, 2017
Source:
BioMed
Central
Summary:
A new species of lobopodian, a worm-like animal with soft legs
from the Cambrian period (541 to 485 million years ago), has been described for
the first time from fossils found in the Burgess Shale in the Canadian Rocky
Mountains.
......................................
A new species of lobopodian, a
worm-like animal with soft legs from the Cambrian period (541 to 485 million
years ago), has been described for the first time from fossils found in the
Burgess Shale in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Details of the new species,
called Ovatiovermis cribratus,
are being published in the open access journal BMC
Evolutionary Biology this
week.
Dr Jean-Bernard Caron, senior curator
of invertebrate paleontology at Royal Ontario Museum (ROM), associate professor
at the University of Toronto in the Departments of Earth Sciences and Ecology
& Evolutionary Biology, and lead author of the study, said: "Ovatiovermis
is no longer than my thumb with all limbs stretched out and is only known from
two specimens. However this new species provides fantastic new insights into
the ecology and relationship of lobopodians, a group of mainly Cambrian marine
invertebrates which are key to our understanding of modern tardigrades,
onychophorans and the largest group of animals on Earth -- the
arthropods."
The researchers believe that strong
recurved claws on the back limbs may have allowed Ovatiovermis and other
related lobopodian species to anchor themselves on hard surfaces and stand more
or less upright. Two long pairs of spinulose (hairy or spiky) limbs towards the
front of the body would then have been used to filter or collect food from
water and bring it closer to the animals' mouth.
Cédric Aria, a doctoral candidate from
the Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology at the University of
Toronto and co-author of the study, explained: "The various adaptations of
this new animal to anchored particle feeding are reflected in its name. The
species, cribratus, is the Latin for 'to sieve', while the genus name, Ovatiovermis,
refers to that posture it must have ordinarily adopted: a worm-like creature
that stood in perpetual ovation."
Even though lobopodians have long been
known and studied, and occupy an intriguing position in the tree of life of
invertebrate animals, their ecology had remained poorly understood. The authors
of the study believe that their findings provide new views on the evolution of
lobopodians and their relatives.
Aria added: "We think that
suspension feeding was common among lobopodians and turned out to be important
in the initial evolutionary 'burst' of that colossal group of organisms that
gave rise to water bears, velvet worms and arthropods. Interestingly, today,
skeleton shrimps (Caprellidae), which are arthropods and thus much more complex
living relatives of the lobopodians, have adopted a very similar lifestyle, and
you can see them waving in the drifting water possibly much like Ovatiovermis used to. "
Dr. Caron further stated: "These
results contribute further evidence that suspension feeding was already a
widespread mode of life during the Cambrian period. Its emergence has been
important for the origin of modern marine ecosystems, and must have played a
role in the rapid diversification of the first animals. "
The researchers were surprised to find
that unlike other suspension feeding organisms, O.
cribratus, did not have any hard structures to protect its body. Dr
Caron said: "Contrary to its relatives, this species does not have any
spines or plates on its body for protection. Its 'naked' state begs the
question of how it was able to guard against predators."
The lack of body protection in O.
cribratus demonstrates
that organisms that lived in the Cambrian period did not exclusively develop
hard defensive structures. The researchers speculate that O.
cribratus may have
lived in sponge colonies to avoid predators, or that by analogy with modern
animals it used camouflage or was toxic or distasteful to predators.
"However, this is a question that is difficult to solve with fossils, and
it may remain forever one of Ovatiovermis'
secrets," Dr Caron added.
The new species is only the third
lobopodian that has been formally described from the famous Burgess Shale site
in Yoho National Park (British Columbia). It is one of the rarest species found
there, and the only two known specimens of this species are now in the
collections of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto.
Story Source:
Journal Reference:
1. Jean-Bernard
Caron, Cédric Aria. Cambrian suspension-feeding
lobopodians and the early radiation of panarthropods. BMC
Evolutionary Biology, 2017; 17 (1) DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0858-y