ular laut
memiliki arti tambahan untuk hidup di air
Date:
June 8, 2016
Source:
University of Adelaide
Summary:
sebuah penelitian di Australia menunjukkan ,Langkah dari kehidupan di darat dengan kehidupan di laut telah menyebabkan evolusi rasa baru untuk ular laut .
...........................
Langkah dari kehidupan di darat dengan kehidupan di laut telah menyebabkan evolusi rasa baru untuk ular laut , sebuah penelitian University of Adelaide yang dipimpin menyarankan .
Tim internasional , yang dipimpin oleh para peneliti di University School of Biological Sciences , mempelajari struktur kecil dan kurang dipahami pada kepala ular yang disebut ' scale sensilla ' . Penelitian ini telah dipublikasikan dalam Biology Royal Society jurnal Terbuka .
" Ular Tanah dan banyak kadal memiliki struktur mengangkat kecil di sisik pada kepala mereka - yang disebut scale sensilla - yang mereka gunakan untuk merasakan objek dengan sentuhan langsung , " kata penulis Jenna Crowe - Riddell , University of Adelaide mahasiswa PhD .
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Sea snakes have extra sense for water living
Date:
June 8, 2016
Source:
University of Adelaide
Summary:
The move from life on land to life in the sea has led to the evolution of a
new sense for sea snakes, an Australian study suggests.
...........................
The move from life on land to life in the sea has led to the evolution of a
new sense for sea snakes, a University of Adelaide-led study suggests.
The international
team, led by researchers in the University's School of Biological Sciences,
studied tiny and poorly understood structures on the heads of snakes called
'scale sensilla'. The research has been published in the Royal Society
journal Open Biology.
"Land snakes and
many lizards have small raised structures on the scales on their heads --
called scale sensilla -- that they use to sense objects by direct touch,"
says lead author Jenna Crowe-Riddell, University of Adelaide PhD student.
"We found that
the scale sensilla of sea snakes were much more dome-shaped than the sensilla
of land snakes, with the organs protruded further from the animals' scales,
potentially making them more likely to be able to sense vibrations from all
directions. We also found that scale sensilla on some of the fully aquatic
snakes covered a much higher proportion of the scales' surface.
"We believe sea
snakes use these organs to sense objects at a distance by 'feeling' movements
in the water. This hydrodynamic sense is not an option for land animals. In
water, a new way of sensing the environment becomes possible."
Sea snakes evolved
from land-living snakes, taking to life in the sea between 9 and 20 million
years ago. They spend the majority of their lives at sea: hunting fish,
swimming and diving using a paddle-shaped tail, and coming up to the water's
surface to breathe air. Although they can also see, little is known about the
underwater sensory perception of the snakes.
"Every movement
of a fin or flipper generates vibrations underwater, like when you drop a stone
into a pond and the surrounding ripples spread to every corner of the
pond," says Ms Crowe-Riddell.
The researchers,
including from the University of Witwatersrand in South Africa and from the
University of Western Australia, looked at 19 species of snakes, including
fully-aquatic, semi-aquatic and land species, and measured the coverage of
sensilla over single scales on their heads.
They used DNA
sequencing to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships between the snakes;
and used microscope imaging and specially developed software to automatically
detect the small organs from silicone casts of snake heads. They also examined
the shape of the sensilla using scanning electron microscopy.
"What we now need
to do," says lead scientist Dr Kate Sanders, "is to investigate the
physiology of these scale sensilla and demonstrate exactly what they can sense.
If they are hydrodynamic tactile sense organs, as we suspect, then by comparing
them to the scale sensilla of closely related land-snakes we can start to
understand how evolution has changed these organs from direct-touch sensors to
distance vibration-sensors that work underwater."
The researchers
believe being able to sense vibrations underwater would mean potential impacts
on sea snake populations from man-derived disturbances such as motor boats and
seismic surveys.
Story Source:
The above post is
reprinted from materials provided byUniversity of
Adelaide. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1.
Jenna M. Crowe-Riddell, Edward P. Snelling, Amy P. Watson, Anton Kyuseop
Suh, Julian C. Partridge, Kate L. Sanders. The evolution of scale
sensilla in the transition from land to sea in elapid snakes. Open
Biology, 2016; 6 (6): 160054 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.160054
