Matahari kita datang terlambat pada kelahiran bintang Bima Sakti --T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

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Matahari kita datang terlambat pada  kelahiran bintang Bima Sakti .

Para astronom menyusun cerita pertumbuhan Bima Sakti kita dengan mempelajari galaksi yang sama dalam massa galaksi kita , yang ditemukan dalam survei mendalam alam semesta . Peregangan kembali lebih dari 10 miliar tahun , sensus mengandung hampir 2.000 snapshot dari seperti galaksi Bima Sakti ....read more 

Our sun came
late to the Milky Way's star-birth party

Date:

April 9, 2015

Source:

Space Telescope
Science Institute (STScI)

Summary:

Astronomers compiled a
story of our Milky Way's growth by studying galaxies similar in mass to our
galaxy, found in deep surveys of the universe. Stretching back more than 10
billion years, the census contains nearly 2,000 snapshots of Milky Way-like
galaxies.

...................

n one of the most comprehensive multi-observatory
galaxy surveys yet, astronomers find that galaxies like our Milky Way underwent
a stellar "baby boom," churning out stars at a prodigious rate, about
30 times faster than today.

Our Sun, however, is a late "boomer." The Milky Way's
star-birthing frenzy peaked 10 billion years ago, but our Sun was late for the
party, not forming until roughly 5 billion years ago. By that time the star
formation rate in our galaxy had plunged to a trickle.

Missing the party, however, may not have been so bad. The Sun's late
appearance may actually have fostered the growth of our solar system's planets.
Elements heavier than hydrogen and helium were more abundant later in the
star-forming boom as more massive stars ended their lives early and enriched
the galaxy with material that served as the building blocks of planets and even
life on Earth.

Astronomers don't have baby pictures of our Milky Way's formative years to
trace the history of stellar growth. Instead, they compiled the story from
studying galaxies similar in mass to our Milky Way, found in deep surveys of the
universe. The farther into the universe astronomers look, the further back in
time they are seeing, because starlight from long ago is just arriving at Earth
now. From those surveys, stretching back in time more than 10 billion years,
researchers assembled an album of images containing nearly 2,000 snapshots of
Milky Way-like galaxies.

The new census provides the most complete picture yet of how galaxies like
the Milky Way grew over the past 10 billion years into today's majestic spiral
galaxies. The multi-wavelength study spans ultraviolet to far-infrared light,
combining observations from NASA's Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes, the
European Space Agency's Herschel Space Observatory, and ground-based
telescopes, including the Magellan Baade Telescope at the Las Campanas
Observatory in Chile.

"This study allows us to see what the Milky Way may have looked like
in the past," said Casey Papovich of Texas A&M University in College
Station, lead author on the paper that describes the study's results. "It
shows that these galaxies underwent a big change in the mass of its stars over
the past 10 billion years, bulking up by a factor of 10, which confirms
theories about their growth. And most of that stellar-mass growth happened
within the first 5 billion years of their birth."

The new analysis reinforces earlier research that showed Milky Way-like
galaxies began as small clumps of stars. The diminutive galaxies built
themselves up by swallowing large amounts of gas that ignited a firestorm of
star birth.

The study reveals a strong correlation between the galaxies' star formation
and their growth in stellar mass. Observations revealed that as the star-making
factories slowed down, the galaxies' growth decreased as well. "I think
the evidence suggests that we can account for the majority of the buildup of a
galaxy like our Milky Way through its star formation," Papovich said.
"When we calculate the star-formation rate of a Milky Way galaxy and add
up all the stars it would have produced, it is pretty consistent with the mass
growth we expected. To me, that means we're able to understand the growth of
the 'average' galaxy with the mass of a Milky Way galaxy."

The astronomers selected the Milky Way-like progenitors by sifting through
more than 24,000 galaxies in the entire catalogs of the Cosmic Assembly
Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS), taken with Hubble,
and the FourStar Galaxy Evolution Survey (ZFOURGE), made with the Magellan
telescope.

They used the ZFOURGE, CANDELS, and Spitzer near-infrared data to study the
galaxy stellar masses. The Hubble images from the CANDELS survey also provided
structural information about galaxy sizes and how they evolved. Far-infrared
light observations from Spitzer and Herschel helped the astronomers trace the star-formation
rate.

The team's results will appear in the April 9 issue of The
Astrophysical Journal.







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by Space Telescope Science Institute
(STScI). Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    C. Papovich, I. Labbé, R. Quadri, V.
Tilvi, P. Behroozi, E. F. Bell, K. Glazebrook, L. Spitler, C. M. S. Straatman,
K.-V. Tran, M. Cowley, R. Davé, A. Dekel, M. Dickinson, H. C. Ferguson, S. L.
Finkelstein, E. Gawiser, H. Inami, S. M. Faber, G. G. Kacprzak, L.
Kawinwanichakij, D. Kocevski, A. Koekemoer, D. C. Koo, P. Kurczynski, J. M. Lotz,
Y. Lu, R. A. Lucas, D. Mcintosh, N. Mehrtens, B. Mobasher, A. Monson, G.
Morrison, T. Nanayakkara, S. E. Persson, B. Salmon, R. Simons, A. Tomczak, P.
Van Dokkum, B. Weiner, and S. P. Willner.ZFOURGE/CANDELS: ON THE EVOLUTION
OF M* GALAXY PROGENITORS FROM z = 3 TO 0.5*. The Astrophysical
Journal, 2015 DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/26

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150409142909.htm

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