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Light-emitting e-reader sebelum
tidur dapat menimbulkan gangguan tidur
Penggunaan perangkat light-emitting electronic device (LE-book) sebelum tidur dapat berdampak buruk terhadap
kesehatan secara keseluruhan, kewaspadaan, dan jam sirkadian yang
mensinkronisasikan the daily rhythm of sleep to external environmental time cues, ....menurut penelitian baru yang membandingkan efek biologis membaca LE-book dibandingkan dengan buku
cetak......read more
..........................
Light-emitting
e-readers before bedtime can adversely impact sleep
Date:
December 22, 2014
Source:
Brigham and Women's
Hospital
Summary:
Use of a
light-emitting electronic device (LE-eBook) in the hours before bedtime can
adversely impact overall health, alertness, and the circadian clock which
synchronizes the daily rhythm of sleep to external environmental time cues,
according to new research that compared the biological effects of reading an
LE-eBook compared to a printed book.
............................
Use of a light-emitting
electronic device (LE-eBook) in the hours before bedtime can adversely impact
overall health, alertness, and the circadian clock which synchronizes the daily
rhythm of sleep to external environmental time cues, according to researchers
at Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) who compared the biological effects of
reading an LE-eBook compared to a printed book. These findings of the study are
published in the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences on
December 22, 2014.
"We found the body's natural circadian rhythms were interrupted by the
short-wavelength enriched light, otherwise known as blue light, from these
electronic devices," said Anne-Marie Chang, PhD, corresponding author, and
associate neuroscientist in BWH's Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders.
"Participants reading an LE-eBook took longer to fall asleep and had
reduced evening sleepiness, reduced melatonin secretion, later timing of their
circadian clock and reduced next-morning alertness than when reading a printed
book."
Previous research has shown that blue light suppresses melatonin, impacts
the circadian clock and increase alertness, but little was known about the
effects of this popular technology on sleep. The use of light emitting devices
immediately before bedtime is a concern because of the extremely powerful
effect that light has on the body's natural sleep/wake pattern, and may thereby
play a role in perpetuating sleep deficiency.
During the two-week inpatient study, twelve participants read LE-e-Books on
an iPad for four hours before bedtime each night for five consecutive nights.
This was repeated with printed books. The order was randomized with some
reading the iPad first and others reading the printed book first. Participants
reading on the iPad took longer to fall asleep, were less sleepy in the
evening, and spent less time in REM sleep. The iPad readers had reduced
secretion of melatonin, a hormone which normally rises in the evening and plays
a role in inducing sleepiness. Additionally, iPad readers had a delayed
circadian rhythm, indicated by melatonin levels, of more than an hour.
Participants who read from the iPad were less sleepy before bedtime, but
sleepier and less alert the following morning after eight hours of sleep.
Although iPads were used in this study, BWH researchers also measured other
eReaders, laptops, cell phones, LED monitors, and other electronic devices, all
emitting blue light.
"In the past 50 years, there has been a decline in average sleep
duration and quality," stated Charles Czeisler, PhD, MD, FRCP, chief, BWH
Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders. "Since more people are choosing
electronic devices for reading, communication and entertainment, particularly
children and adolescents who already experience significant sleep loss,
epidemiological research evaluating the long-term consequences of these devices
on health and safety is urgently needed."
Researchers emphasize the importance of these findings, given recent
evidence linking chronic suppression of melatonin secretion by nocturnal light
exposure with the increased risk of breast cancer, colorectal cancer and
prostate cancer.
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Brigham and Women's Hospital.Note: Materials may be edited for
content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. Anne-Marie Chang, Daniel Aeschbach,
Jeanne F. Duffy, and Charles A. Czeisler.Evening use of light-emitting
eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness. PNAS,
December 22, 2014 DOI:10.1073/pnas.1418490112
