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Keraguan pada badai global yang dihasilkan oleh asteroid membunuh-dino 

Penelitian baru merintis teori bahwa asteroid yang diperkirakan telah menyebabkan kepunahan dinosaurus juga menyebabkan badai api global yang luas yang melanda planet Bumi . Para ilmuwan diciptakan energi besar dilepaskan dari tabrakan ekstra- terestrial dengan bumi yang terjadi sekitar waktu  dinosaurus punah . ...read more

Doubt cast on
global firestorm generated by dino-killing asteroid

Date:

January 22, 2015

Source:

University of Exeter

Summary:

Pioneering new
research has debunked the theory that the asteroid that is thought to have led
to the extinction of dinosaurs also caused vast global firestorms that ravaged
planet Earth. Scientists recreated the immense energy released from an
extra-terrestrial collision with Earth that occurred around the time that
dinosaurs became extinct. They found that the intense but short-lived heat near
the impact site could not have ignited live plants, challenging the idea that
the impact led to global firestorms.

.................

pioneering new research
has debunked the theory that the asteroid that is thought to have led to the
extinction of dinosaurs also caused vast global firestorms that ravaged planet
Earth.

A team of researchers from the University of Exeter, University of
Edinburgh and Imperial College London recreated the immense energy released
from an extra-terrestrial collision with Earth that occurred around the time
that dinosaurs became extinct. They found that the intense but short-lived heat
near the impact site could not have ignited live plants, challenging the idea
that the impact led to global firestorms.

These firestorms have previously been considered a major contender in the
puzzle to find out what caused the mass extinction of life on Earth 65 million
years ago.

The researchers found that close to the impact site, a 200 km wide crater
in Mexico, the heat pulse -- that would have lasted for less than a minute --
was too short to ignite live plant material. However they discovered that the
effects of the impact would have been felt as far away as New Zealand where the
heat would have been less intense but longer lasting -- heating the ground for
about seven minutes -- long enough to ignite live plant matter.

The experiments were carried out in the laboratory and showed that dry
plant matter could ignite, but live plants including green pine branches,
typically do not.

Dr Claire Belcher from the Earth System Science group in Geography at the
University of Exeter said: "By combining computer simulations of the
impact with methods from engineering we have been able to recreate the enormous
heat of the impact in the laboratory. This has shown us that the heat was more
likely to severely affect ecosystems a long distance away, such that forests in
New Zealand would have had more chance of suffering major wildfires than
forests in North America that were close to the impact. This flips our
understanding of the effects of the impact on its head and means that
palaeontologists may need to look for new clues from fossils found a long way
from the impact to better understand the mass extinction event."

Plants and animals are generally resistant to localised fire events --
animals can hide or hibernate and plants can re-colonise from other areas,
implying that wildfires are unlikely to be directly capable of leading to the
extinctions. If however some animal communities, particularly large animals,
were unable to shelter from the heat, they may have suffered serious losses. It
is unclear whether these would have been sufficient to lead to the extinction
of species.

Dr Rory Hadden from the University of Edinburgh said: "This is a truly
exciting piece of inter-disciplinary research. By working together engineers
and geoscientists have tackled a complex, long-standing problem in a novel way.
This has allowed a step forward in the debate surrounding the end Cretaceous
impact and will help Geoscientists interpret the fossil record and evaluate
potential future impacts. In addition, the methods we developed in the
laboratory for this research have driven new developments in our current
understanding of how materials behave in fires particularly at the
wildland-urban-interface, meaning that we have been able to answer questions
relating to both ancient mass extinctions at the same time as developing
understanding of the impact of wildfires in urban areas today."

The results of the study are published in the Journal of the
Geological Society.







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by University of Exeter. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    Claire M. Belcher, Rory M. Hadden,
Guillermo Rein, Joanna V. Morgan, Natalia Artemieva, and Tamara Goldin. An
experimental assessment of the ignition of forest fuels by the thermal pulse
generated by the Cretaceous–Palaeogene impact at Chicxulub. Journal
of the Geological Society, January 22, 2015 DOI:10.1144/jgs2014-082

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150122084849.htm

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