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Sel induk manusia memperbaiki kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh terapi radiasi untuk kanker otak pada tikus
Untuk pasien dengan kanker otak , radiasi adalah perawatan yang dapat menyelamatkan jiwa , tetapi juga dapat menyebabkan cedera yang cukup besar dan bahkan permanen ke otak . Sekarang , melalui eksperimen praklinis yang dilakukan pada tikus , para peneliti telah mengembangkan metode untuk mengubah sel induk manusia menjadi sel yang diperintahkan untuk memperbaiki kerusakan di otak . Tikus diobati dengan sel manusia kembali kognitif dan motorik fungsi yang hilang setelah iradiasi otak .,,,read more
Human stem cells
repair damage caused by radiation therapy for brain cancer in rats
Date:
February 5, 2015
Source:
Cell Press
Summary:
For patients with
brain cancer, radiation is a potentially life-saving treatment, but it can also
cause considerable and even permanent injury to the brain. Now, through
preclinical experiments conducted in rats, researchers have developed a method
to turn human stem cells into cells that are instructed to repair damage in the
brain. Rats treated with the human cells regained cognitive and motor functions
that were lost after brain irradiation.
.............
for patients with brain
cancer, radiation is a powerful and potentially life-saving treatment, but it
can also cause considerable and even permanent injury to the brain. Now,
through preclinical experiments conducted in rats, Memorial Sloan Kettering
Cancer Center researchers have developed a method to turn human stem cells into
cells that are instructed to repair damage in the brain. Rats treated with the
human cells regained cognitive and motor functions that were lost after brain
irradiation. The findings are reported in the February 5 issue of the journal Cell
Stem Cell.
During radiation therapy for brain cancer, progenitor cells that later
mature to produce the protective myelin coating around neurons are lost or
significantly depleted, and there is no treatment available to restore them.
These myelinating cells--called oligodendrocytes--are critical for shielding
and repairing the brain's neurons throughout life.
A team led by neurosurgeon Viviane Tabar, MD, and research associate
Jinghua Piao, PhD, of the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York
City, wondered whether stem cells could be coaxed to replace these lost
oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. They found that this could be achieved by
growing stem cells--either human embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent
stem cells derived from skin biopsies--in the presence of certain growth
factors and other molecules.
Next, the investigators used the lab-grown oligodentrocyte progenitor cells
to treat rats that had been exposed to brain irradiation. When the cells were
injected into certain regions of the brain, brain repair was evident, and rats
regained the cognitive and motor skills that they had lost due to radiation
exposure. The treatment also appeared to be safe: none of the animals developed
tumors or inappropriate cell types in the brain.
"Being able to repair radiation damage could imply two important
things: improving the quality of life of survivors and potentially expanding
the therapeutic window of radiation," said Dr. Tabar. "This will have
to be proven further, but if we can repair the brain effectively, we could be
bolder with our radiation dosing, within limits." This could be especially
important in children, for whom physicians deliberately deliver lower radiation
doses.
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Cell Press. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. Piao et al. Human embryonic stem
cell-derived oligodendrocyte progenitors remyelinate the brain and rescue
behavioral deficits following radiation.Cell Stem Cell, 2015
