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Semut lebih dari makanan bagi laba-laba muda

Laba-laba Eropa selatan secara genetik diprogram untuk memilih semut pemanen . Semut pemanen yang lebih dari sekedar camilan nyaman untuk laba-laba Eropa selatan , Euryopis episinoides ...... Euryopis episinoides adalah , laba-laba kecil 3 - mm -  yang hanya menangkap semut - khususnya anggota kelompok Messor yang ada lebih dari 100 spesies . ....meletakkan karung telur nya dekat dengan sarang semut tersebut kepada anaknya . Setelah menetas , para spiderlings berjuang sendiri ....read more

Ants are more
than just convenience food to young spiders

Date:

February 12, 2015

Source:

Springer
Science+Business Media

Summary:

Southern European
spiders are genetically programmed to prefer harvester ants. Harvester ants are
more than just a convenient snack for the southern European spider, Euryopis
episinoides. The young spiderlings innately have a nose for these ants.
Euryopis episinoides is a tiny, 3-mm-long spider that only catches ants - in
particular members of the Messor group of which there are more than 100
species. Conveniently laying her egg sacks close to such ant nests is about as
much parental care as a female Euryopis episinoides spider gives to her
offspring. Once hatched, the spiderlings fend for themselves.

.................

harvester ants are more
than just a convenient snack for the southern European spider, Euryopis
episinoides. The young spiderlings innately have a nose for these
ants, report Stano Pekár and Manuel Cárdenas of the Masaryk University in the
Czech Republic in an article in Springer's journal The Science of Nature --
Naturwissenschaften.

Euryopis episinoides is a tiny, 3-mm-long spider that only catches ants -- in particular
members of the Messor group of which there are more than 100 species.
Conveniently laying her egg sacks close to such ant nests is about as much
parental care as a female Euryopis episinoides spider gives to
her offspring. Once hatched, the spiderlings fend for themselves. This includes
recognizing and catching prey, all on their own.

The Czech researchers wanted to find out if theEuryopis episinoides spiderlings'
hunting activities are driven by convenience or truly by an innate preference
for harvester ants.

They tested how newly hatched spiderlings that had not yet gone on the hunt
reacted to the chemical cues left by three types of prey: harvester ants, fruit
flies and Nylander ants. In one out of every two instances (47 percent), the
inexperienced spiderlings assumed a hunting position in front of a paper strip
carrying the smell of harvester ants -- even though they had never before had
the slightest whiff of these types of ants.

The researchers also tested the reaction of more experienced spiderlings
that had been raised on only one type of prey: again either harvester ants,
fruit flies or Nylander ants. They found that food imprinting changed the
spiderlings' innate food preference. This was because the spiderlings more
often than not chose the type of prey on which they were raised rather than
harvester ants. In another twist, the spiders used in the experiment fared
better healthwise when they ate ants rather than fruit flies.

"Our findings suggest that prey preference is genetically based but
also affected by the experience with the first meal," says Pekár.
"Such an innate preference enablesEuryopis episinoides spiderlings
to rapidly gain information about prey and to successfully locate their
preferred prey on their own."

"Innate preference is beneficial as it increases efficiency in prey
capture," adds Cárdenas. "It is, however, important that spiderlings
hatch near to a place of high ant occurrence, such as ant paths."







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by Springer Science+Business Media. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    Pekár, S. & Cárdenas. M. Innate
prey preference overriden by familiarization with detrimental prey in a
specialised myrmecophagous predator.Naturwissenschaften, 2015
DOI: 10.1007/s00114-015-1257-8

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150212102729.htm

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