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Kerangka unta lengkap yang digali di Austria
Arkeolog bekerja pada sebuah penggalian penyelamatan menemukan kerangka unta lengkap di Tulln , Lower Austria . Unta , pada saat Perang Ottoman Kedua di abad ke-17 , kemungkinan besar meninggal di kota Tulln . Analisis genetik menunjukkan bahwa hewan tersebut adalah hibrida jantan dari dromedaris di garis ibu dan unta Bactrian di garis ayah . Temuan unik untuk Eropa Tengah ....read more
Complete camel
skeleton unearthed in Austria
Date:
April 1, 2015
Source:
Veterinärmedizinische
Universität Wien
Summary:
Archaeologists working
on a rescue excavation uncovered a complete camel skeleton in Tulln, Lower
Austria. The camel, which was dated to the time of the Second Ottoman War in
the 17th century, most likely died in the city of Tulln. Genetic analyses
showed that the animal was a male hybrid of a dromedary in the maternal line
and a Bactrian camel in the paternal line. The find is unique for Central
Europe.
,,,,,,,,,,,,,
archaeologists working
on a rescue excavation uncovered a complete camel skeleton in Tulln, Lower
Austria. The camel, which was dated to the time of the Second Ottoman War in
the 17th century, most likely died in the city of Tulln. Genetic analyses
showed that the animal was a male hybrid of a dromedary in the maternal line
and a Bactrian camel in the paternal line. The find is unique for Central
Europe. Archaeozoologists and geneticists from the Vetmeduni Vienna now
published their findings in the journal PLOS ONE.
In 2006 construction began on a new shopping centre in Tulln. The works
unearthed various archaeologically valuable objects that were salvaged during
rescue excavations. Among these objects was also the complete skeleton of a
large mammal.
Large mammal uncovered during excavations in Tulln
"The partly excavated skeleton was at first suspected to be a large
horse or cattle," says archaeozoologist Alfred Galik from the Institute
for Anatomy, Histology and Embryology at the University of Veterinary Medicine
Vienna. "But one look at the cervical vertebrae, the lower jaw and the
metacarpal bones immediately revealed that this was a camel."
Camel bones have been found in Europe dating back to the Roman period.
Isolated bones or partly preserved skeletons are known from Mauerbach near
Vienna as well as from Serbia and Belgium. But a complete camel skeleton is
unique for Central Europe.
"Exotic animal" died in Tulln
In addition to horses, the Ottoman army also used camels for transportation
and as riding animals. In cases of scarcity, the soldiers also ate the animal's
flesh. But the skeleton found in Tulln was complete. "This means that the
animal was not killed and then butchered. It may have been acquired as part of
an exchange," says first author Galik. "The animal was certainly
exotic for the people of Tulln. They probably didn't know what to feed it or
whether one could eat it. Perhaps it died a natural death and was then buried
without being used."
Camel was a hybrid
Extensive DNA analysis showed that the animal was a hybrid: its mother was
a dromedary and its father a Bactrian camel. The genetic diagnosis confirmed
what the scientists saw morphologically. Several of the physical features were
that of a dromedary, others of a Bactrian camel. "Such crossbreeding was not
unusual at the time. Hybrids were easier to handle, more enduring and larger
than their parents. These animals were especially suited for military
use," Galik explains.
The camel was male, around seven years old and most likely castrated.
Find dated to the 17th century
Besides animal bones, the excavations also unearthed ceramic plates and
other items. A coin -- a so-called "Rechenpfenning" -- from the time
of Louis XIV dates the find to the years between 1643 and 1715. A medicinal
bottle containing Theriacum, a medieval remedy from the chemist's shop
"Apotheke zur Goldenen Krone" in Vienna was also found at the site.
This pharmacy existed between 1628 and 1665, which helped date the site with
further precision.
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Veterinärmedizinische Universität
Wien. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. Alfred Galik , Elmira Mohandesan,
Gerhard Forstenpointner, Ute Maria Scholz, Emily Ruiz, Martin Krenn, Pamela
Burger. A Sunken Ship of the Desert at the River Danube in Tulln,
Austria. PloS One, 2015 DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0121235