RNA kecil memainkan peran besar menekan kanker--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

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RNA kecil memainkan peran besar menekan kanker

Mikro RNA mir - 22 telah lama dikenal karena kemampuannya untuk menekan kanker . Namun, pertanyaannya tetap tentang bagaimana mencapai prestasi ini . Misalnya , molekul mengatur mir - 22 , dan yang target miR22 ? Para peneliti telah mengurai  sebagian dari hubungan ini , mengidentifikasi beberapa interaksi yang berdampak langsung ke kanker hati dan  usus ....read nore

Small RNA plays
big role suppressing cancer

Date:

April 2, 2015

Source:

University of
California - Davis Health System

Summary:

The micro RNA miR-22
has long been known for its ability to suppress cancer. However, questions
remain about how it achieves this feat. For example, which molecules are
regulating miR-22, and which are miR22 targets? Researchers have unraveled some
of these relationships, identifying several interactions that directly impact
liver and colon cancer.

.....................

the micro RNA miR-22 has
long been known for its ability to suppress cancer. However, questions remain
about how it achieves this feat. For example, which molecules are regulating
miR-22, and which are miR22 targets?

Researchers at UC Davis have unraveled some of these relationships,
identifying several interactions that directly impact liver and colon cancer.
The work provides new insights into how miR-22 operates and could potentially
lead to new cancer therapies. The study was published in the Journal of
Biological Chemistry.

"There are quite a few molecules present in the gastrointestinal (GI)
tract that regulate miR-22," said Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan, vice chair for
research in the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and senior
author on the paper. "If so many chemicals in the GI tract can regulate
miR-22, it must be physiologically significant. We needed to better understand
the molecules that regulate miR-22 in cancer, as well as the pathways miR-22
controls."

Micro RNAs, like miR-22, play a major role in gene expression by
selectively silencing particular genes. To understand the role of miR-22 in
liver and colon cancer, Wan and her colleagues studied mice that lacked the
bile acid receptor, farnesoid x receptor (FXR), which balances bile acid and cholesterol.
Without FXR, mice spontaneously develop liver cancer. They also examined the
expression of miR-22 in human liver cancer and colon cancer specimens.

The researchers found that the journey begins with bile acids, such as
hydrophilic chenodeoxycholic acid, which activates FXR. In turn, FXR increases
miR-22, which reduces the expression level of Cyclin A2, a protein that
influences cell division and protects liver and colon cells from excessive
proliferation.

The team confirmed these results using different models and found there is
an inverse relationship between miR-22 and Cyclin A2 expression levels in liver
and colon cancer cells.

The research also showed that miR-22 can be activated by vitamin D3, which
can reduce the toxicity of hydrophobic bile acids. These pieces of information
highlight the potential impact of diet and vitamins on GI cancer formation.

"People who are obese, or eating a high-fat Western diet, tend to have
dysregulated bile acid synthesis," said Wan. "When that happens, FXR
can be inactivated, potentially decreasing the level of miR-22, increasing the
expression of Cyclin A2 and disrupting the cell cycle. So this pathway may play
a role in Western diet-associated carcinogenesis."

In addition, miR-22 has a complicated relationship with a number of
cancers, including breast and lung, and may offer promise as a cancer
therapeutic target. In addition to targeting Cyclin A2, miR-22 also inhibits
the expression level of histone deacetylases (HDACs), proteins that control
gene expression by modification of histone structure. A number of HDAC
inhibitors are FDA- approved anti-cancer drugs, and miR-22 can potentially be
used to treat cancer.

"I'm not so sure miR-22 is all good," said Wan. "We don't
know what it will target in normal cells. Our next step is to identify more
miR-22 effects."







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by University of
California - Davis Health System. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    Fan Yang, Ying Hu, Hui-Xin Liu, Yu-Jui
Yvonne Wan. MiR-22-silenced Cyclin A Expression in Colon and Liver
Cancer Cells Is Regulated by Bile Acid Receptor. Journal of
Biological Chemistry, 2015; 290 (10): 6507 DOI:10.1074/jbc.M114.620369

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150402161646.htm

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