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Anak-anak merasa paling positif tentang ibu yang menghormati otonomi mereka

Date:

January 28, 2015

Source:

University of Missouri-Columbia

Summary:

Ibu yang mendukung kebutuhan anak-anak mereka untuk otonomi sebagai anak-anak  yang tumbuh cenderung dilihat lebih positif oleh anak-anak mereka . Penelitian ini melibatkan lebih dari 2.000 ibu dan anak-anak mereka . Ini diukur dari maternal directiveness  - atau sejauh mana ibu kendalikan kegiatan - dalam bermain ketika anak-anak yang berusia 2 tahun dan kemudian selama diskusi tentang bidang ketidaksepakatan ketika anak-anak berada di kelas lima . Kecenderungan ibu untuk menampilkan perilaku mengendalikan diprediksi sejauh mana anak-anak melihat ibu mereka positif atau negatif ketika anak-anak berada di kelas lima .

.............. " Ketika ibu sangat mengendalikan permainan anak-anak kecil , anak-anak cenderung ingin terlibat dengan mereka , " kata Jean Ispa , co - ketua MU Departemen Pembangunan manusia dan Studi Keluarga dan seorang profesor di College of Human Sciences Lingkungan . " Menghormati otonomi penting , tidak hanya untuk pertumbuhan anak-anak , tetapi juga untuk menciptakan hubungan orangtua-anak yang positif . Kami menemukan bahwa ibu yang mendukung otonomi anak-anak mereka dianggap lebih positif oleh anak-anak mereka daripada ibu yang sangat direktif . "...more

Children feel most positively about mothers who respect their autonomy

Date:

January 28, 2015

Source:

University of Missouri-Columbia

Summary:

Mothers who support their children's need for autonomy as the children grow
tend to be viewed more positively by their children. The study included more
than 2,000 mothers and their children. It measured maternal directiveness -- or
the extent to which mothers controlled activities -- in play when children were
2 years old and then during a discussion about areas of disagreement when the
children were in the fifth grade. Mothers' tendencies to display controlling
behaviors predicted the extent to which the children viewed their mothers
positively or negatively when the children were in fifth grade.

................

Research shows that the quality of mother-child relationships greatly
influences children's development socially, emotionally and academically.
Although previous studies have demonstrated the importance of promoting
children's autonomy, available research often has not addressed ways parental
respect for autonomy may affect parent-child relationships. Now, University of
Missouri researchers have found that mothers who support their children's need
for autonomy as the children grow tend to be viewed more positively by their
children.

"When mothers are highly controlling of small children's play, those
children are less likely to want to engage with them," said Jean Ispa,
co-chair of the MU Department of Human Development and Family Studies and a
professor in the College of Human Environmental Sciences. "Respect for
autonomy is important, not only for children's growth, but also for creating
positive parent-child relationships. We found that mothers who supported their
children's autonomy were regarded more positively by their children than
mothers who were highly directive."

Ispa's study, which included more than 2,000 mothers and their children,
measured maternal directiveness -- or the extent to which mothers controlled
activities -- in play when children were 2 years old and then during a
discussion about areas of disagreement when the children were in the fifth
grade. Ispa found that mothers' tendencies to display controlling behaviors
predicted the extent to which the children viewed their mothers positively or
negatively when the children were in fifth grade. She said that these results
did not differ by ethnicity or gender of the children.

"Mothers who are very directive when their children are toddlers often
tend to still be controlling when their children enter adolescence," Ispa
said. "With small children, mothers mostly use physical controls, but when
children are older these directives become more verbal and psychological, such
as by restricting what children are allowed to say or by not allowing them to
speak their minds. It's not surprising that their children begin to view them
in a negative light."

Ispa said allowing children levels of autonomy does not mean parents should
stop setting ground rules or providing input. She stated that behavioral controls,
such as teaching children not to cross the street without first checking for
cars, did not negatively impact mother-child relationships as did psychological
controls, like purposely inducing guilt or telling children to think, feel and
play in certain ways.

"Many times, parents think that employing these controlling behaviors
is the 'right way' to raise children, but our research shows that really does
not work," Ispa said. "Allowing children age-appropriate levels of
autonomy to make safe decisions is very good for kids, and they usually will
make wise decisions when they have been taught about safe choices as well as
consequences. A good place for parents to start would be to have open
discussions and allow their children to express their own points of view. When
giving children instructions, explain reasons for decisions rather than simply
saying, 'Because I said so.'"

Ispa's research will be published in Social Development.







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byUniversity
of Missouri-Columbia. The original item was written by Sarah
Clinton. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Jean M. Ispa, Gustavo Carlo, Francisco Palermo, Chang Su-Russell, Erin
Harmeyer, Cara Streit. Middle Childhood Feelings Toward Mothers:
Predictions From Maternal Directiveness at the Age of Two and Respect for
Autonomy Currently. Social Development, 2015; DOI:10.1111/sode.12108

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/01/150128093551.htm

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