spesies baru bertanduk dinosaurus dengan ' perisai berduri '
Date:
May 18, 2016
Source:
Canadian Museum of Nature
Summary:
Kesempatan penemuan fosil di Montana satu dekade yang lalu telah menyebabkan identifikasi spesies baru dinosaurus bertanduk. Apa yang membuat Spiclypeus shipporum terpisah dari dinosaurus bertanduk lainnya seperti Triceratops yang terkenal adalah orientasi tanduk di atas mata, yang menempel ke samping dari tengkorak. Ada juga pengaturan unik untuk tulang 'paku' yang berasal dari margin frill - beberapa paku menggulung ke depan sementara yang lainnya ke luar.
........................
Kesempatan penemuan fosil di Montana satu dekade yang lalu telah menyebabkan identifikasi spesies baru
dinosaurus bertanduk. Tim peneliti internasional yang menggambarkan dinosaurus pemakan tumbuhan
dipimpin oleh seorang ilmuwan di Canadian Museum of Nature.
Hasilnya diterbitkan dalam jurnal ilmiah secara online PLoS ONE.
Museum ini sekarang rumah spesimen dalam koleksi fosil nasional, yang mencakup beberapa contoh terbaik
dari dinosaurus bertanduk di dunia. Museum paleontolog Dr. Jordan Mallon menyelesaikan analisis ilmiah
yang merujuk dinosaurus ini sebagai spesies baru.
Ini adalah salah satu di antara meningkatnya jumlah ceratopsids baru yang ditemukan
(dinosaurus berkaki empat umumnya ditandai dengan tanduk di wajah dan embel-embel rumit di kepala ).
Mallon telah diberikan nama ilmiah Spiclypeus shipporum (spi-CLIP-ee-us ship-OR-um) pada dinosaurus,
yang hidup sekitar 76 juta tahun yang lalu
. Spiclypeus adalah kombinasi dari dua kata Latin yang berarti "perisai berduri,"
mengacu pada kepala frill mengesankan dan paku segitiga yang menghiasi margin-nya.
Dan nama shipporum yang menghormati keluarga Shipp, yang tanahnya dimana fosil itu ditemukan di dekat Winifred, Montana.
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New horned
dinosaur species with 'spiked shield'
Date:
May 18, 2016
Source:
Canadian Museum of Nature
Summary:
A chance fossil
discovery in Montana a decade ago has led to the identification of an audacious
new species of horned dinosaur. What sets Spiclypeus shipporum apart from other
horned dinosaurs such as the well-known Triceratops is the orientation of the
horns over the eyes, which stick out sideways from the skull. There is also a
unique arrangement to the bony 'spikes' that emanate from the margin of the
frill -- some of the spikes curl forward while others project outward.
........................
A chance fossil discovery in Montana a decade ago has led to the identification
of an audacious new species of horned dinosaur. The international research team
that described the plant-eating dinosaur was led by a scientist at the Canadian
Museum of Nature. The results are published today in the online science journal PLOS ONE.
The museum now houses
the specimen in its national fossil collection, which includes some of the best
examples of horned dinosaurs in the world. Museum palaeontologist Dr. Jordan
Mallon completed the scientific analysis that pinned down the dinosaur as a new
species. It is one among a growing number of newly discovered ceratopsids
(four-legged dinosaurs generally characterized by horns on the face and
elaborate head frills).
Mallon has bestowed
the scientific name Spiclypeus shipporum(spi-CLIP-ee-us ship-OR-um)
on the dinosaur, which lived about 76 million year ago. Spiclypeus is
a combination of two Latin words meaning "spiked shield," referring
to the impressive head frill and triangular spikes that adorn its margins. The
nameshipporum honours the Shipp family, on whose land the fossil
was found near Winifred, Montana.
About half of the
skull, as well as parts of the dinosaur's legs, hips and backbone had been
preserved in the silty hillside that once formed part of an ancient floodplain.
"This is a spectacular
new addition to the family of horned dinosaurs that roamed western North
America between 85 and 66 million years ago," explains Mallon, who
collaborated with researchers in Canada and the United States. "It
provides new evidence of dinosaur diversity during the Late Cretaceous period
from an area that is likely to yield even more discoveries."
What sets Spiclypeus shipporum apart from other horned
dinosaurs such as the well-known Triceratops is the
orientation of the horns over the eyes, which stick out sideways from the
skull. There is also a unique arrangement to the bony "spikes" that
emanate from the margin of the frill--some of the spikes curl forward while
others project outward.
"In this sense, Spiclypeus is transitional between
more primitive forms in which all the spikes at the back of the frill radiate
outward, and those such as Kosmoceratops in which they all
curl forward," says Mallon.
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Apa yang membuat Spiclypeus shipporum terpisah
dari dinosaurus bertanduk lainnya seperti Triceratops terkenal adalah orientasi
tanduk di atas mata , yang menempel ke samping dari tengkorak . Ada juga
pengaturan unik untuk tulang " paku " yang berasal dari margin frill
- beberapa paku menggulung ke depan sementara yang lain ke luar . " Dalam hal ini , Spiclypeus adalah peralihan
antara bentuk yang lebih primitif di mana semua paku di belakang frill yang
memancarkan luar , dan seperti Kosmoceratops di mana mereka semua menggulung ke
depan , " kata Mallon .
While the fossil now
has a scientific moniker, it is more commonly known by its nickname
"Judith," after the Judith River geological formation where it was
found. Until it was purchased by the museum in 2015, the fossil had remained in
the official possession of Dr. Bill Shipp, who found it while exploring his
newly acquired property in 2005.
Shipp invested time
and money to excavate and prepare the bones, aided by volunteers and
palaeontologists including thePLOS ONE study co-authors Chris Ott
and Peter Larson. "Little did I know that the first time I went fossil
hunting I would stumble on a new species," explains Shipp, a retired
nuclear physicist who became a fossil enthusiast after moving to his dinosaur
rich area of Montana. "As a scientist, I'm really pleased that the
Canadian Museum of Nature has recognized the dinosaur's value, and that it can now
be accessed by researchers around the world."
Apart from the horns
and frill bones that helped define Judith as a new species, close examination
of some of its other bones reveal a story of a life lived with pain. Judith's
upper arm bone (humerus) shows distinct signs of arthritis and osteomyelitis
(bone infection)--determined following analysis by Dr. Edward Iuliano, a
radiologist at the Kadlec Regional Medical Cener, in Richland, Washington.
"If you look near
the elbow, you can see great openings that developed to drain an infection. We
don't know how the bone became infected, but we can be sure that it caused the
animal great pain for years and probably made its left forelimb useless for
walking," explains Mallon. Despite this trauma, analysis of the annual growth
rings inside the dinosaur's bones by the Royal Ontario Museum's Dr. David Evans
suggest it lived to maturity. The dinosaur would have been at least 10 years
old when it died.
Mallon and his team
note that there are now nine well-known dinosaur species (including Spiclypeus
shipporum), from Montana's Judith River Formation. Some are also found in
Alberta, which has a much richer fossil record, but others such as Spiclypeus are
unique to Montana. Significantly, Mallon says that none of the species are shared
with more southerly states, suggesting that dinosaur faunas in western North
America were highly localized about 76 million years ago. Mallon's prior
research has shown that such species-rich communities may have been enabled by
dietary specializations among the herbivores, a phenomenon more commonly known
as niche partitioning.
A public exhibit
about Spiclypeus shipporum, will open May 24 at the Canadian Museum
of Nature in Ottawa. It will include a reconstruction of the dinosaur's skull,
the diseased humerus, and other bones from this amazing fossil find.
Story Source:
The above post is
reprinted from materials provided byCanadian Museum of Nature. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1.
Eric K. Lund, Patrick M. O’Connor, Mark A. Loewen, Zubair A. Jinnah. A
New Centrosaurine Ceratopsid, Machairoceratops cronusi gen et sp. nov., from
the Upper Sand Member of the Wahweap Formation (Middle Campanian), Southern
Utah. PLOS ONE, 2016; 11 (5): e0154403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154403
sumber :