ditemukan Yang
sebelumnya tidak diketahui pada bencana ekologis
global
Date:
June 28, 2016
Source:
University of Zurich
Summary:
Ada beberapa kepunahan massal dalam sejarah bumi dengan konsekuensi yang merugikan bagi
lingkungan. Para peneliti sekarang telah menemukan bencana lain yang terjadi sekitar
250 juta tahun yang lalu dan benar-benar mengubah vegetasi yang lazim selama periode lower Trias.
...............................
Ada beberapa kepunahan massal dalam sejarah bumi dengan konsekuensi yang merugikan
bagi lingkungan. Para peneliti sekarang telah menemukan bencana lain yang terjadi sekitar
250 juta tahun yang lalu dan benar-benar mengubah vegetasi lazim selama periode lower Trias.
Ada beberapa kepunahan massal dalam sejarah Bumi. Salah satu bencana terbesar yang
diketahui terjadi sekitar 252 juta tahun yang lalu pada batas antara Permian dan Triassic.
Hampir semua spesies laut yang tinggal dan dua pertiga dari semua reptil dan amfibi mati.
Meskipun ada juga penurunan singkat dalam keragaman di dunia tanaman, mereka pulih
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Previously unknown global ecological disaster
discovered
Date:
June 28, 2016
Source:
University of Zurich
Summary:
There have been several mass extinctions in the history of the earth with
adverse consequences for the environment. Researchers have now uncovered
another disaster that took place around 250 million years ago and completely
changed the prevalent vegetation during the Lower Triassic.
...............................
There have been several mass extinctions
in the history of Earth with adverse consequences for the environment.
Researchers from the University of Zurich have now uncovered another disaster
that took place around 250 million years ago and completely changed the
prevalent vegetation during the Lower Triassic.
There have been several mass extinctions in the history of Earth. One of
the largest known disasters occurred around 252 million years ago at the
boundary between the Permian and the Triassic. Almost all sea-dwelling species
and two thirds of all reptiles and amphibians died out. Although there were
also brief declines in diversity in the plant world, they recovered in the
space of a few thousand years, which meant that similar conditions to before
prevailed again.
Change in flora within a millennia
Researchers from the Institute and Museum of Paleontology at the University
of Zurich have now discovered another previously unknown ecological crisis on a
similar scale in the Lower Triassic. The team headed by Peter A. Hochuli and
Hugo Bucher revealed that another event altered the vegetation fundamentally
and for longer approximately 500,000 years after the major natural disaster at
the boundary between the Permian and the Triassic.
The scientists studied sediments towering over 400 meters high from
North-Eastern Greenland. Carbon isotope curves suggest that the prevalent seed
ferns and conifers were replaced by spore plants in the space of a few
millennia. To this day, certain spore plants like ferns are still famous for
their ability to survive hostile conditions better than more highly developed
plants.
Catastrophic ecological upheaval changes plant world
Until now, it was assumed that the environment gradually recovered during
the Lower Triassic 252.4 to 247.8 million years ago. "The drastic,
simultaneous changes in flora and the composition of the carbon isotopes
indicate that the actual upheaval in the vegetation didn't take place until the
Lower Triassic, i.e. around 500,000 years later than previously assumed,"
explains Hochuli.
The researchers didn't just observe the mass death of vegetation in
Greenland; they already discovered the first indications of this floral shift a
few years ago in sediment samples from Pakistan. Moreover, the latest datings
of volcanic ash by Australian scientists show that the most significant change
in the plant world did not happen until a few millennia after the
Permian/Triassic boundary. During this period, the indigenous glossopteris seed
plant group died out, an event that had previously been dated back to the
Permian. Thanks to these findings, the sediment sequences of the supercontinent
Gondwana in the southern hemisphere now need to be reinterpreted.
Crisis probably triggered by volcanic eruptions
What caused this newly described natural disaster remains unclear.
"However, we see a link between this previously unknown global event and
the enormous volcanic eruptions we know from the Lower Triassic in what's now
Siberia," explains Bucher, Director of UZH's Institute and Museum of
Paleontology.
Story Source:
The above post is reprinted from materials provided
byUniversity of Zurich. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. Peter A.
Hochuli, Anna Sanson-Barrera, Elke Schneebeli-Hermann, Hugo Bucher. Severest
crisis overlooked—Worst disruption of terrestrial environments postdates the
Permian–Triassic mass extinction.Scientific Reports, 2016; 6: 28372
DOI: 10.1038/srep28372