minyak ikan selama kehamilan tidak memberikan perlindungan bagi anak-anak melawan obesitas
Studi tentang manajemen pencegahan berat badan selama perkembangan janin
Date:
June 28, 2016
Source:
Technical University of Munich
(TUM)
Summary:
Di seluruh dunia, banyak anak sekolah di bawah 10 kelebihan berat badan.
Dalam mencari penyebab fenomena ini, pemrograman janin diletakkan di bawah pengawasan
dalam penelitian baru. Bahwa diet ibu mungkin memiliki pengaruh yang tidak dikonfirmasi
dalam studi jangka panjang: pemberian diet khusus yang kaya omega-3
untuk wanita hamil tidak mengakibatkan anak menjadi lebih ramping atau lebih gemuk
daripada rekan-rekan mereka dari kelompok kontrol yang ibunya makan diet normal.
........................
Di Eropa, hampir satu dari tiga sekolah di bawah usia sepuluh kelebihan berat badan,
ika tidak gemuk. Dalam mencari penyebab fenomena ini, pemrograman janin di dalam
rahim seorang ibu diletakkan di bawah pengawasan sebagai pelakunya
potensi "masalah berat." Hipotesis bahwa diet ibu mungkin memiliki semacam pengaruh
tidak dikonfirmasi dalam studi jangka panjang: pemberian diet khusus kaya
asam lemak omega-3 dan rendah asam arakidonat, asam lemak omega-6,
ke ibu hamil tidak mengakibatkan anak menjadi lebih ramping atau lebih gemuk
daripada rekan-rekan mereka dari kelompok kontrol yang ibunya menikmati diet normal.
Sampai saat ini, konsensus umum telah bahwa lemak "buruk" ,
terutama omega-6 asam lemak, yang dikonsumsi selama kehamilan meningkatkan
pembentukan sel-sel lemak infantil, sementara omega-3 asam lemak "baik" melindungi
anak terhadap kelebihan berat badan. Karena, dalam model hewan,
peningkatan asupan omega-3 asam lemak saat hamil dan menyusui
ditambah dengan penurunan simultan asam arakidonat mengakibatkan anak dengan
kecenderungan signifikan lebih rendah untuk menjadi kelebihan berat badan,
studi manusia INFAT adalah yang pertama untuk menyelidiki apakah hasil ini
dapat diterjemahkan ke manusia.
.....................................
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Fish oil during pregnancy offers no
protection for children against obesity
Study on preventative weight
management during fetal development
Date:
June 28, 2016
Source:
Technical University of Munich
(TUM)
Summary:
Across the world, many schoolchildren under 10 are overweight.
In the search for the cause of this phenomenon, fetal programming was put under
scrutiny in new research. That the mother's diet might have some influence
could not be confirmed in a long-term study: administering a special diet rich
in omega-3 fatty acids to pregnant women neither resulted in children being
slimmer nor fatter than their counterparts from the control group whose mothers
ate a normal diet.
........................
In Europe, almost one in three
schoolchildren under the age of ten is overweight, if not obese. In the search
for the cause of this phenomenon, fetal programming inside a mother's womb was
put under scrutiny as a potential culprit for this "heavy issue." The
hypothesis that the mother's diet might have some sort of influence could not
be confirmed in a long-term study: administering a special diet rich in omega-3
fatty acids and low in arachidonic acid, an omega-6 fatty acid, to pregnant
women neither resulted in children being slimmer nor fatter than their
counterparts from the control group whose mothers had enjoyed a normal diet.
Up to now, the general consensus had been that "bad" fats,
especially omega-6 fatty acids, consumed during pregnancy increased the
formation of infantile fat cells, while "good" omega-3 fatty acids
protected the child against becoming overweight. Since, in the animal model, an
increased intake of omega-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation coupled
with a simultaneous reduction in arachidonic acids resulted in offspring with a
significantly lower tendency to become overweight, the INFAT human study was
the first to investigate whether this result was translatable onto humans.
"Translating the findings from animal trials onto the human organism
is always a challenge," says Professor Hans Hauner, Head of the
Else-Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine at the Technical
University of Munich (TUM). "However, the prospects of this being
applicable were extremely attractive: had it been confirmed, mothers would have
been able to protect to ensure lifelong protection for their offspring against
becoming overweight, or even obese, right from the very start."
Over 200 women took part in the long-term study
208 women with an average age of 32 years and a BMI of 22 took part in this
study conducted by Prof. Hauner from the Chair of Nutritional Medicine at TUM,
which was aimed at verifying this hypothesis. While half of the study group
continued with a normal diet, the other 104-women-strong group ate an omega-3
rich diet coupled with a significant reduction in meat consumption (contains
omega-6 fatty acids) from the twelfth week of pregnancy to the fourth month of
lactation. The children of the cohort mothers were examined once a year until
the age of five, making the INFAT study the first study to deliver valid data
over such an extended period.
"We then examined the children using three different methods: firstly
we measured their skin fold thickness, then ultrasound investigations were
added as these are more accurate," explains Prof. Hauner from the Chair of
Nutritional Medicine at TUM -- "and in one part of the cohort we also used
MRS imaging to measure the fat inside the abdominal cavity.
The end result was negative: "this special diet had no effect on the
weight of the babies and toddlers," says Hauner. This proves that the
earlier findings are not translatable onto humans and that the hoped-for
benefit of such a diet is questionable as it does not appear to prevent
childhood obesity. According to the study's authors, it might, however, be
possible that a mother's diet during early pregnancy has other beneficial effects,
which would have to be determined in further clinical studies.
Story Source:
The above post is reprinted from materials provided
byTechnical University of Munich (TUM). Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. C. Brei,
L. Stecher, D. Much, M.-T. Karla, U. Amann-Gassner, J. Shen, C. Ganter, D. C.
Karampinos, S. Brunner, H. Hauner. Reduction of the n-6:n-3 long-chain
PUFA ratio during pregnancy and lactation on offspring body composition:
follow-up results from a randomized controlled trial up to 5 y of age. American
Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2016; 103 (6): 1472 DOI:10.3945/ajcn.115.128520