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Faktor risiko kardiovaskular tertentu dapat memprediksi penyakit Alzheimer

Date:

July 28, 2015

Source:

Radiological Society of North America

Summary:

Faktor risiko kardiovaskular tertentu, seperti konsumsi alkohol , merokok , obesitas dan diabetes , berkaitan dengan volume otak regional yang lebih kecil yang mungkin indikator awal penyakit Alzheimer dan demensia menurut sebuah penelitian .

............... " Kita sudah tahu bahwa faktor risiko vaskular merusak otak dan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan kognitif , " kata Kevin S. Raja , MD , asisten profesor radiologi di Keck Sekolah Kedokteran dari University of Southern California di Los Angeles . " Tapi temuan kami memberikan ide yang lebih konkret tentang hubungan antara faktor risiko vaskular tertentu dan kesehatan otak . "

Penelitian sebelumnya telah mengaitkan faktor risiko kardiovaskular dan penurunan kognitif , tetapi penelitian baru difokuskan pada faktor-faktor risiko tertentu dan diperiksa tiga wilayah otak utama , termasuk hippocampus , precuneus dan posterior cingulate cortex . Karena hubungan masing-masing daerah untuk pengambilan memori ,  hilangnya volume materi abu-abu di daerah-daerah dapat menjadi prediktor penyakit Alzheimer dan demensia ....more

Specific
cardiovascular risk factors may predict Alzheimer's disease

Date:

July 28, 2015

Source:

Radiological Society of North America

Summary:

Specific cardiovascular risk factors, such as alcohol consumption, smoking,
obesity and diabetes, are associated with smaller regional brain volumes that
may be early indicators of Alzheimer's disease and dementia according to a
study.

...............

Specific cardiovascular risk factors, such as alcohol consumption, smoking,
obesity and diabetes, are associated with smaller regional brain volumes that
may be early indicators of Alzheimer's disease and dementia according to a
study published online in the journal Radiology.

"We already know that vascular risk factors damage the brain and can
result in cognitive impairment," said Kevin S. King, M.D., assistant
professor of radiology at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of
Southern California in Los Angeles. "But our findings give us a more
concrete idea about the relationship between specific vascular risk factors and
brain health."

Prior studies have linked cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive
decline, but the new study focused on specific risk factors and examined three
main brain regions, including the hippocampus, precuneus and posterior
cingulate cortex. Because of each region's connection to memory retrieval, gray
matter volume loss in these areas may be a predictor of Alzheimer's disease and
dementia.

In the new study, Dr. King and colleagues analyzed results from 1,629
individuals in the Dallas Heart Study (DHS) and divided the participants into
two age groups. There were 805 participants under age 50, and 824 age 50 and
older. The researchers evaluated the participants' data from the initial
baseline visit, which included laboratory and clinical analysis, and the
follow-up visit seven years later consisting of a brain MRI and cognitive test,
measuring mild cognitive impairment and preclinical Alzheimer's disease.

By comparing the initial visit in which cardiovascular risk factors were
identified to the MRI results and cognitive scores, the team was able to
distinguish the specific risk factors of alcohol consumption, smoking,
diabetes, and obesity and their relationship to smaller volumes in the three
targeted regions of the brain. The results confirmed that lower cognitive test
scores correlated with lower brain volumes in each area.

The study found that risk factors of alcohol use and diabetes were
associated with smaller total brain volume, while smoking and obesity were
linked with reduced volumes of the posterior cingulate cortex, the area of the
brain connected with memory retrieval as well as emotional and social behavior.
In addition, lower hippocampal mass was linked to both alcohol consumption and
smoking whereas alcohol use, obesity and high fasting blood glucose numbers
correlated with reduced precuneus size.

The findings also suggest that in patients age 50 and older, diminished
hippocampal and precuneus volumes may be early risk indicators for cognitive
decline, while smaller posterior cingulate volumes are better predictors in
patients under age 50.

Dr. King believes that additional studies can provide the ability to better
identify the impact of specific cardiovascular risk factors on the brain and
improve patient understanding of brain diseases.

"We currently do not have effective treatments for Alzheimer's
disease, so the focus is on prevention," he said. "In the future, we
may be able to provide patients with useful and actionable information about
the impact different risk factors may be having on their brain health during
routine clinical imaging. And since no special imaging equipment is needed,
there is a great potential to provide this service at many centers across the
country."







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byRadiological
Society of North America. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Kevin S. King, M.D. et al. Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated
with Smaller Brain Volumes in Regions Identified as Early Predictors of
Cognitive Decline.Radiology, July 2015

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150728091718.htm

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