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Spesies baru  kumbang penyelam  ditemukan di isolasi di Afrika Selatan

Sebuah spesies baru yang mencolok dari kumbang tanpa kerabat langsung telah diidentifikasi tinggal di lahan basah di pinggiran Cape Town. Capelatus prykei sangat berbeda dari kumbang menyelam lainnya di dunia yang telah ditempatkan di genus baru tersendiri , dengan hubungan yang terdekat dapat ditemukan di Mediterania dan di New Guinea ....more

New species of diving beetle discovered
in isolation in South Africa

Date:

May 6, 2015

Source:

University of Plymouth

Summary:

A striking new species of beetle with no direct relatives has been
identified living in wetlands on the outskirts of Cape Town. Capelatus prykei
is so different from any of the world's other diving beetles that it has been
placed in a new genus all of its own, with its nearest relations to be found
around the Mediterranean and in New Guinea.

................

A striking new species of beetle with no direct relatives has been
identified by a scientist from Plymouth University living in wetlands on the
outskirts of Cape Town.

Capelatus prykei is so different from any of the world's other diving beetles that it
has been placed in a new genus all of its own, with its nearest relations to be
found around the Mediterranean and in New Guinea.

In a study, published in the journal Systematic Entomology,
scientists used a combination of morphological and molecular data to
study Capelatus, and establish it as a highly distinctive, and
apparently endangered, member of the world fauna.

Capelatus prykei measures between 8-10mm, large in comparison to most copelatine
diving beetles, and was discovered in areas of relatively dense vegetation
within the Noordhoek Wetlands.

Dr David Bilton, Reader in Aquatic Biology at Plymouth University, said:
"Capelatus prykei immediately looks odd, quite unlike any
previously known diving beetle. It's fairly common to find new species of
beetle, but it's much less usual to find things which are so different they
have to be put in their own genus. Our study of DNA sequences shows that the
closest relatives ofCapelatus live thousands of miles away, and
that they last shared a common ancestor around 30-40 million years ago.

"This beetle's a real evolutionary relic, which only seems to have
survived in a very small area close to Cape Town, probably because this region
has had a relatively stable climate over the last few million years.
Today Capelatus is extremely rare though -- in fact we know of
only one population, fortunately located inside Table Mountain National Park.
We've also found old, unnamed specimens in the Natural History Museum in
London, but the area where these were caught in the 1950s is now under the suburbs
of the city."

Dr Bilton first began sampling water beetles in the area as a result of
annual field trips to South Africa by undergraduates on the BSc (Hons) in
Marine Biology and Coastal Ecology, and has found dozens of new species in the
area in the last five years. This study, written in conjunction with Plymouth
entomologist Clive Turner and colleagues from the Museum of Zoology in Munich,
really highlights the unique biological diversity of the region.

The Western Cape of South Africa hosts one of the world's hottest
biodiversity hotspots, and supports around 20 per cent of the plant species
found in the whole of sub-Saharan Africa -- most of which are restricted to the
region.

The region is also home to a significant number of endemic reptiles, amphibians,
freshwater fishes and insects and some of these, like Capelatus,
lack close living relatives outside the region, making it one of the most
biologically unique places on the planet.

The current study suggests that among such isolated species,Capelatus
prykei is particularly under threat and that, as such, immediate
action should be taken by conservation agencies.

"On the basis of available data, it is suggested that Capelatus
prykei be afforded a provisional IUCN conservation status of
Critically Endangered," the authors say. "If the phylogenetic
uniqueness of Capelatus prykei is also taken into
consideration, it is clear that a better understanding of the range and
requirements of this newly discovered taxon represents a priority for
conservation, in both a regional and global context."







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided
by University of Plymouth. The original article
was written by Alan Williams.Note: Materials may be edited for content and
length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
DAVID T. BILTON, EMMANUEL F. A. TOUSSAINT, CLIVE R. TURNER, MICHAEL
BALKE. Capelatus prykeigen. et sp.n. (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae:
Copelatinae) - a phylogenetically isolated diving beetle from the
Western Cape of South Africa. Systematic Entomology, 2015;
DOI: 10.1111/syen.12128

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/05/150506084809.htm

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