Enzim dalam produk kosmetik dapat bertindak sebagai alergen melalui kulit--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

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Enzim dalam produk kosmetik dapat bertindak sebagai alergen melalui kulit

Papain adalah enzim industry   protein – degrading penting  yang digunakan , misalnya, dalam industri makanan dan kosmetik . Ketika manusia atau hewan bersentuhan dengan papain , ada hasil reaksi alergi yang kuat dari kulit  , temuan para ilmuwan  ...read more

Enzyme in
cosmetic products can act as allergen via the skin

Date:

April 10, 2015

Source:

Medical University of
Vienna

Summary:

Papain is an important
industrial protein-degrading enzyme that is used, for example, in the food and
cosmetic industries. When humans or animals come in contact with papain, strong
allergic reactions of the skin can be the result, as scientists have found out.

.........................

papain is an important
industrial protein-degrading enzyme that is used, for example, in the food and
cosmetic industries. When humans or animals come in contact with papain, strong
allergic reactions of the skin can be the result, as scientists from the Messerli
Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, the Medical
University of Vienna, and the University of Vienna have found out. Their study
was published in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology.

Papain is found naturally in papaya and is often referred to as a
"plant-based pepsin" in reference to the digestive enzyme pepsin that
is present in the stomach. Erika Jensen-Jarolim, Head of the Department of
Comparative Medicine at the Messerli Research Institute, and her team
researched the effect of papain directly on the skin of mice as well as on skin
cells in the petri dish. The cosmetic industry uses papain in exfoliating
treatments to remove dead surface skin. There even are enzyme-based shampoos
for house pets to clean the fur and make it easier to brush.

How papain induces allergic reactions

Skin consists of several layers joined via cellular connections called
"tight junctions." First authors Caroline Stremnitzer and Krisztina
Manzano-Szalai and the project team showed that papain induces a breakdown of
these cell-cell junctions. On the skin, papain results in a loss of the barrier
function. "After just a short period of time, papain increased vascular
permeability and inflammatory cells infiltrated the skin," Jensen-Jarolim
explains. Around two weeks after being exposed to papain, the researchers found
antibodies to papain in the mice. These immunoglobulins are the cause of the
allergic reaction toward the enzyme. "Exposed mice not only experienced a
loss of the barrier function of the skin, but also had a specific allergic
sensitization toward papain. The animals developed an allergy," says
allergy expert Jensen-Jarolim.

Caution is called for with papain-containing products

But the permeation of the skin barrier does not appear to be a prerequisite
for sensitization toward papain. "The enzyme remains allergenic even when
its enzymatic function has been blocked," explains Jensen-Jarolim. The
disruption to the skin barrier, she says, is essential for the infiltration of
other allergens and bacteria. In humans and in animals, diseases of the skin
such as atopic dermatitis, commonly referred to as eczema, involve an increased
permeability of the skin with a heightened risk for bacterial, fungal, or viral
colonisation. Besides genetic factors, allergenic enzymes from external sources
may also contribute to the symptoms. It is striking that papain has an enormous
structural similarity with one of the most important house dust mite allergens.
The authors conclude that sensitization toward these house dust mite allergens
follows the same principle. "People with sensitive skin as well as small
children should avoid the enzyme (EC Number 3.4.22.2) as much as possible and observe the
ingredients declaration for consumer products as regulated by EU Directive
2000/13/EC," says Jensen-Jarolim.







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by Medical
University of Vienna.Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    Caroline Stremnitzer, Krisztina
Manzano-Szalai, Anna Willensdorfer, Philipp Starkl, Mario Pieper, Peter König,
Michael Mildner, Erwin Tschachler, Ursula Reichart, Erika Jensen-Jarolim. Papain
Degrades Tight Junction Proteins of Human Keratinocytes In Vitro and Sensitizes
C57BL/6 Mice via the Skin Independent of its Enzymatic Activity or TLR4
Activation. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2015;
DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.58

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150410083304.htm

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