 Summary: Sebuah tim multinasional a...){kind=link}
Sebuah Cincin baru Einstein
Date:
June 2, 2016
Source:
Royal Astronomical Society (RAS)
Summary:
Sebuah tim multinasional astronom telah menemukan sebuah Einstein Ring, gambar langka dari galaksi yang jauh lensanya oleh gravitasi.
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Sebuah tim multinasional astronom telah menemukan sebuah Einstein
Ring, gambar langka dari galaksi yang jauh lensanya oleh gravitasi. Para
ilmuwan, dari Spanyol, Italia dan Amerika Serikat, melaporkan penemuan mereka
dalam Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
Dalam teori umum relativitas yang diterbitkan abad yang lalu, Albert Einstein meramalkan bahwa gravitasi akan mendistorsi ruang-waktu, dan cahaya yang akan mengikuti jalur melengkung sebagai hasilnya. Para astronom pertama kali mengamati efek ini pada tahun 1919, dengan mengukur posisi bintang di dekat Matahari selama 1919 gerhana matahari total, dan mencatat sedikit pergeseran yang dihasilkan dari medan gravitasi bintang terdekat kita. Pada skala yang lebih besar, cahaya dari galaksi jauh dibengkokkan oleh lubang hitam dan galaksi besar yang terletak di antara mereka dan Bumi. Benda-benda intervensi bertindak sebagai lensa, menciptakan busur dan 'cincin Einstein' cahaya.
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A new Einstein
Ring: Distant galaxy lensed by gravity
Date:
June 2, 2016
Source:
Royal Astronomical Society (RAS)
Summary:
A multinational team
of astronomers has found an Einstein Ring, a rare image of a distant galaxy
lensed by gravity.
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A multinational team of astronomers has found an Einstein Ring, a rare
image of a distant galaxy lensed by gravity. The scientists, from Spain, Italy
and the USA, report their discovery in Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society.
In his seminal general
theory of relativity published a century ago, Albert Einstein predicted that
gravity would distort the fabric of spacetime, and that light would follow
curved paths as a result. Astronomers first observed this effect in 1919, by
measuring the position of stars near the Sun during the 1919 total solar
eclipse, and noting a slight shift resulting from the gravitational field of
our nearest star. On a larger scale, light from distant galaxies is bent by
black holes and massive galaxies that lie between them and Earth. The
intervening objects act as lenses, creating arcs and 'Einstein rings' of light.
These rings are still
comparatively rare and usually appear as small features in the sky. This makes
them hard to see clearly, and most are observed with radio telescopes, or with
the Hubble Space Telescope. Their rarity derives from the huge distances
involved, and the low probability of our Galaxy, the lens galaxy and the
distant galaxy all being almost exactly in line.
The newly discovered
ring lies in the direction of the constellation of Sculptor in the southern
sky. Margherita Bettinelli, a PhD student at the Instituto de Astrofisica de
Canarias, found it while looking at archive images from the Dark Energy Camera
(DECam) mounted on the Victor Blanco 4-m telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American
Observatory in Chile. Margherita and her team named the ring 'Canarias', in
homage to the work carried out by astronomers on La Palma and Tenerife.
Light arriving at
Earth today left the Einstein ring 8 billion years ago, so we see the ring as it
was 5 billion years after the Big Bang. Despite its relatively small apparent
size (it stretches across an angle on the sky of 4.5 arcseconds or about
1/800th of a degree), it is larger than most of the other rings found to date.
Follow up work with the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) confirms its
distance and shows that the intervening lens galaxy has a mass equivalent to
around a trillion (million million) Suns.
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Cahaya tiba di bumi hari ini meninggalkan cincin Einstein 8 miliar tahun lalu , jadi kami melihat cincin seperti itu 5 miliar tahun setelah Big Bang . Meskipun ukurannya yang tampak jelas relatif kecil (itu membentang di sudut di langit dari 4,5 detik busur atau sekitar 1 / 800 dari degree ) , itu lebih besar dari sebagian besar cincin lain yang ditemukan sampai saat ini . Menindaklanjuti kerja dengan 10,4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias ( GTC ) menegaskan jarak dan menunjukkan bahwa intervening lens galaxy memiliki massa setara dengan sekitar satu triliun ( juta juta ) matahari .
The scientific
research following the discovery has been conducted and coordinated by the
Stellar Populations group at the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC),
led by Dr Antonio Aparicio Juan and Dr Sebastian Hidalgo. The Einstein ring was
found in plates of the Sculptor dwarf galaxy, a companion to our own Milky Way,
but is a far more distant object.
Ms Bettinelli is
supervised by Dr Santi Cassisi and Dr Hidalgo. Another PhD student, Matteo
Simioni, carried out further analysis, under the supervision of Dr Aparicio and
Giampaolo Piotto of the University of Padua.
Story Source:
The above post is
reprinted from materials provided by Royal Astronomical Society (RAS). Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1.
M. Bettinelli, M. Simioni, A. Aparicio, S. L. Hidalgo, S. Cassisi, A. R.
Walker, G. Piotto, F. Valdes. The Canarias Einstein Ring: a Newly
Discovered Optical Einstein Ring. Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society: Letters, 2016; slw097 DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slw097