penyembuhan
non-jaringan dari ulkus kaki diabetik diprogram
sebagai sel induk berpotensi majemuk
Date:
June 28, 2016
Source:
Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus
Summary:
Para peneliti telah menetapkan untuk pertama kalinya bahwa sel-sel kulit dari ulkus kaki
diabetik dapat diprogram untuk memperoleh sifat-sifat sel seperti-embrio .
..................
Para peneliti di Tufts University School of Dental Medicine and the Sackler School
of Graduate Biomedical Sciences at Tufts`, yang dipimpin oleh Jonathan Garlick ,
telah menetapkan untuk pertama kalinya bahwa sel-sel kulit dari ulkus kaki diabetik
dapat diprogram untuk memperoleh sifat-sifat sel seperti-embrio .
Sel-sel induk berpotensi majemuk ini mungkin suatu hari nanti dapat digunakan
untuk mengobati luka kronis . Penelitian ini dipublikasikan secara online
di Cellular Reprogramming.
Penelitian kedua dari tim penelitian yang dipublikasikan dalam
Wound Repair and Regeneration menemukan bahwa protein yang disebut
fibronektin terkait dengan break-down dalam proses penyembuhan luka
pada sel dari ulkus kaki diabetik .
..................
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Non-healing tissue from diabetic foot ulcers
reprogrammed as pluripotent stem cells
Non - penyembuhan jaringan dari ulkus kaki diabetik memprogram sebagai sel induk berpotensi majemuk
Date:
June 28, 2016
Source:
Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus
Summary:
Researchers have established for the first time that skin cells from
diabetic foot ulcers can be reprogrammed to acquire properties of
embryonic-like cells.
..................
Researchers at Tufts University School
of Dental Medicine and the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences at
Tufts, led by Jonathan Garlick, have established for the first time that skin
cells from diabetic foot ulcers can be reprogrammed to acquire properties of
embryonic-like cells. These induced pluripotent stem cells might someday be
used to treat chronic wounds. The study is published online in advance of print
inCellular Reprogramming.
A second study from the research team published in Wound Repair and
Regeneration found that a protein called fibronectin is linked to a
break-down in the wound-healing process in cells from diabetic foot ulcers.
"The results are encouraging. Unlike cells taken from healthy human
skin, cells taken from wounds that don't heal -- like diabetic foot ulcers --
are difficult to grow and do not restore normal tissue function," said
senior author on both studies, Jonathan Garlick, Ph.D., D.D.S., stem cell
researcher at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine in Boston. "By pushing
these diabetic wound cells back to this earliest, embryonic stage of
development, we have "rebooted" them to a new starting point to
hopefully make them into specific cell types that can heal wounds in patients
suffering from non-healing wounds."
The research team successfully reprogramed cells from diabetic wounds to an
embryonic-like state and turned them into cell types that are important for
wound healing. Using three independent criteria, they confirmed that the cells
had been reprogrammed to a pluripotent state, which means that they can be
turned into a variety of different cell types, including those that can
stimulate wound repair.
As a next step, the research team created 3D engineered tissues that they
had previously found to mimic many features of chronic wounds. They used these
3D tissues to test the properties of cells from diabetic foot ulcers and found
that cells from diabetic ulcers get stuck making an immature scaffold made up
predominantly of a protein called fibronectin that is likely to prevent proper
closure of wounds. Fibronectin has been shown to be abnormal in other diabetic
complications, such as kidney disease, but this is the first study that
directly connects it to cells taken from diabetic foot ulcers.
"The development of more effective therapies for foot ulcers has been
hampered by the lack of realistic wound-healing models that closely mimic the
function of the extracellular matrix, which is the scaffold critical for wound
repair in skin," said Anna Maione, Ph.D., first author on the Wound
Repair and Regeneration study who did this work as part of her Ph.D.
studies in Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology at the Sackler School
and her post-doctoral work at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine.
"This work builds on our paper published in 2015 that showed that cells
from diabetic ulcers have fundamental defects which we can simulate using our
3D tissue models grown in the lab. These models will be a great way to test new
therapeutics that could improve wound healing and prevent limb amputation which
can result when treatments fail."
"The 3D model is critical because it will allow us to take these
studies further. Now that we have confirmed that it's possible to reprogram
wound cells to a very early stage of development we need to study if they can
turn into more mature cell types and then study them in our 3D models to see if
they will improve healing of chronic wounds," said Behzad Gerami-Naini,
Ph.D., first author on the study in Cellular Reprogramming and an assistant
professor at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine.
"The findings advance commonly-held assumptions about how diabetic
foot ulcers develop. Most importantly, our ability to reprogram these cells
gives us new treatment avenues to pursue. The big question is -- since we have
created induced pluripotent stem cells which we can now make into many cells
types important for wound healing -- will they be better for wound healing than
cells originally taken from the non-healing wound?" asked Garlick, who is
also a member of the Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology program
faculty at the Sackler School.
More than 29 million Americans have diabetes. Diabetic foot ulcers, often
resistant to treatment, are a major complication. The National Diabetes
Statistics Report of 2014 stated that about 73,000 non-traumatic lower-limb
amputations in 2010 were performed in adults aged 20 years or older with
diagnosed diabetes, and approximately 60 percent of all non-traumatic
lower-limb amputations occur in people with diabetes.
Garlick's lab at Tufts Dental School performs research at the intersection
of tissue engineering and stem cell biology. Dr. Garlick and his colleagues
work to grow tissues that mimic diabetic wounds from induced pluripotent stem
cells by reprogramming adult cells to grown skin that mimics a range of skin
diseases, including cancer and scleroderma. Their goal is to develop
experimental approaches for precision therapies that may regenerate and repair
diseased or damaged tissues and organs.
Story Source:
The above post is reprinted from materials provided
by Tufts University, Health Sciences
Campus. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. Behzad
Gerami-Naini, Avi Smith, Anna G. Maione, Olga Kashpur, Gianpaolo Carpinito,
Aristides Veves, David J. Mooney, Jonathan A. Garlick. Generation of
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Diabetic Foot Ulcer Fibroblasts Using a
Nonintegrative Sendai Virus.Cellular Reprogramming, 2016; DOI:10.1089/cell.2015.0087