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Does haze
from burning forests affect marine life?
Does haze
from burning forests affect marine life?
Jeremy Hance
mongabay.com
March 10, 2014
Read more at http://news.mongabay.com/2014/0310-hance-haze-oceans.html#LhzaoT58BUmsA48J.99
mongabay.com
March 10, 2014
Read more at http://news.mongabay.com/2014/0310-hance-haze-oceans.html#LhzaoT58BUmsA48J.99
Two scientists are calling on researchers, NGOs, and governments to begin
studying the impact of burning forests and peatlands in Indonesia on the
already-threatened marine ecosystems of Southeast Asia. Every year, Indonesian
farmers set forests, vegetation, and peatlands alight to clear them for
agriculture, often palm oil, and pulp and paper plantations. Not only do these
practices destroy hugely-diverse tropical forests, but the resulting haze
spreads to many parts of Southeast Asia, threatening regional health and
impacting economies. Now, a new paper argues that the sinister impacts of
Indonesia's burning may extend as far as the oceans.
"Biomass burning in Indonesia has intensified in frequency and severity since the 1970s...In June 2013, regional air pollution indices reached record highs, with values deemed hazardous in Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia, prompting some affected areas to declare states of emergency," the researchers, Zeehan Jaafar with the National University of Singapore and Tse-Lynn Loh with the John G. Shedd Aquarium, write in a new opinion paper in Global Change Biology.
Last year's crisis lead to global press coverage, finger-pointing, and high level meetings between numerous governments in the region. But the problem remains: just last month NASA satellite recorded hundreds of hotspots, i.e. fires, on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. While the health, economic, and land-based environmental issues of this burning has been well-documented, the impact on marine ecosystems has been almost wholly ignored.
Read more at http://news.mongabay.com/2014/0310-hance-haze-oceans.html#LhzaoT58BUmsA48J.99
"Biomass burning in Indonesia has intensified in frequency and severity since the 1970s...In June 2013, regional air pollution indices reached record highs, with values deemed hazardous in Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia, prompting some affected areas to declare states of emergency," the researchers, Zeehan Jaafar with the National University of Singapore and Tse-Lynn Loh with the John G. Shedd Aquarium, write in a new opinion paper in Global Change Biology.
Last year's crisis lead to global press coverage, finger-pointing, and high level meetings between numerous governments in the region. But the problem remains: just last month NASA satellite recorded hundreds of hotspots, i.e. fires, on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. While the health, economic, and land-based environmental issues of this burning has been well-documented, the impact on marine ecosystems has been almost wholly ignored.
Read more at http://news.mongabay.com/2014/0310-hance-haze-oceans.html#LhzaoT58BUmsA48J.99
"We postulate that effects on marine systems are more critical than
currently appreciated. There is an urgent need to fill these gaps in
knowledge," Jaafar and Loh write.
The region houses the global epicenter of marine biodiversity: the Coral Triangle. Covering warm waters around Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and a few Pacific islands, the Coral Triangle is arguably the most biodiverse marine region on the planet. According to WWF, the region is home to over 600 species of reef-building corals and 2,000 reef fish.
But the two researchers warn that the haze from the land-based fires could decrease sunlight to these precious marine ecosystems, perhaps undercutting photosynthesis in coral reefs as well as mangroves and sea grass.
Meanwhile, runoff and topsoil loss due to fires may lead to eutrophication in marine environments. Eutrophication is caused when incoming nutrients, such as nitrogen, result in a sudden boom of phytoplankton, which eventually die and suck up all the oxygen out of the water. This eutrophication, or dead zone, causes a massive loss in species abundance and diversity. Furthermore, land runoff could also lead to sediment loading in marine ecosystems, which can cause coral bleaching.
The scientists also warn that crisis is depositing manifold particulates of various compounds—such as carbon, ammonia, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen—into the ocean with little knowledge of how this will impact various ecosystems.
Read more at http://news.mongabay.com/2014/0310-hance-haze-oceans.html#LhzaoT58BUmsA48J.99
The region houses the global epicenter of marine biodiversity: the Coral Triangle. Covering warm waters around Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and a few Pacific islands, the Coral Triangle is arguably the most biodiverse marine region on the planet. According to WWF, the region is home to over 600 species of reef-building corals and 2,000 reef fish.
But the two researchers warn that the haze from the land-based fires could decrease sunlight to these precious marine ecosystems, perhaps undercutting photosynthesis in coral reefs as well as mangroves and sea grass.
Meanwhile, runoff and topsoil loss due to fires may lead to eutrophication in marine environments. Eutrophication is caused when incoming nutrients, such as nitrogen, result in a sudden boom of phytoplankton, which eventually die and suck up all the oxygen out of the water. This eutrophication, or dead zone, causes a massive loss in species abundance and diversity. Furthermore, land runoff could also lead to sediment loading in marine ecosystems, which can cause coral bleaching.
The scientists also warn that crisis is depositing manifold particulates of various compounds—such as carbon, ammonia, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen—into the ocean with little knowledge of how this will impact various ecosystems.
Read more at http://news.mongabay.com/2014/0310-hance-haze-oceans.html#LhzaoT58BUmsA48J.99
