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Does
a junk food diet make you lazy? Psychology study offers answer
Does
a junk food diet make you lazy? Psychology study offers answer
Date:
April 4,
2014
Source:
University of California - Los
Angeles
Summary:
A new psychology study provides evidence that being
overweight makes people tired and sedentary, rather than vice versa. Life
scientists placed 32 female rats on one of two diets for six months. The first,
a standard rat's diet, consisted of relatively unprocessed foods like ground
corn and fish meal. The ingredients in the second were highly processed, of
lower quality and included substantially more sugar -- a proxy for a junk food
diet.
......................
A new UCLA
psychology study provides evidence that being overweight makes people tired and
sedentary -- not the other way around.
Life
scientists led by UCLA's Aaron Blaisdell placed 32 female rats on one of two
diets for six months. The first, a standard rat's diet, consisted of relatively
unprocessed foods like ground corn and fish meal. The ingredients in the second
were highly processed, of lower quality and included substantially more sugar
-- a proxy for a junk food diet.
After just
three months, the researchers observed a significant difference in the amount
of weight the rats had gained, with the 16 on the junk food diet having become
noticeably fatter.
"One
diet led to obesity, the other didn't," said Blaisdell, a professor of
psychology in the UCLA College of Letters and Science and a member of UCLA's
Brain Research Institute.
The
experiments the researchers performed, Blaisdell said, also suggest that
fatigue may result from a junk food diet.
As part of
the study, the rats were given a task in which they were required to press a
lever to receive a food or water reward. The rats on the junk food diet
demonstrated impaired performance, taking substantially longer breaks than the
lean rats before returning to the task. In a 30-minute session, the overweight
rats took breaks that were nearly twice as long as the lean ones.
The research
is currently online and is scheduled for publication in the April 10 print
edition of the journal Physiology and Behavior.
After six
months, the rats' diets were switched, and the overweight rats were given the
more nutritious diet for nine days. This change, however, didn't help reduce
their weight or improve their lever responses.
The reverse
was also true: Placing the lean rats on the junk food diet for nine days didn't
increase their weight noticeably or result in any reduction in their motivation
on the lever task. These findings suggest that a pattern of consuming junk food,
not just the occasional binge, is responsible for obesity and cognitive
impairments, Blaisdell said.
"There's
no quick fix," he noted.
What are the
implications for humans? Do people who are overweight become less healthy or do
less healthy people become overweight?
"Overweight
people often get stigmatized as lazy and lacking discipline," Blaisdell
said. "We interpret our results as suggesting that the idea commonly
portrayed in the media that people become fat because they are lazy is
wrong. Our data suggest that diet-induced obesity is a cause, rather than an
effect, of laziness. Either the highly processed diet causes fatigue or the
diet causes obesity, which causes fatigue."
Blaisdell
believes the findings are very likely to apply to humans, whose physiological
systems are similar to rats'. Junk food diets make humans -- and rats --
hungrier, he said.
In addition,
the researchers found that the rats on the junk food diet grew large numbers of
tumors throughout their bodies by the end of the study. Those on the more
nutritious diet had fewer and small tumors that were not as widespread.
Blaisdell,
45, changed his diet more than five years ago to eat "what our human
ancestors ate." He avoids processed food, bread, pasta, grains and food
with added sugar. He eats meats, seafood, eggs, vegetables and fruits, and he
has seen dramatic improvements in his health, both physically and mentally.
"I've
noticed a big improvement in my cognition," he said. "I'm full of
energy throughout the day, and my thoughts are clear and focused."
An expert in
animal cognition, Blaisdell conducts research that addresses the relationship
between health and lifestyle (diet and exercise) and the relationship between a
junk food diet and cognitive impairments it may induce.
"We are
living in an environment with sedentary lifestyles, poor-quality diet and
highly processed foods that is very different from the one we are adapted to
through human evolution," he said. "It is that difference that leads
to many of the chronic diseases that we see today, such as obesity and
diabetes."
Co-authors
of the research are Yan Lam Matthew Lau, Ekatherina Telminova and Boyang Fan,
UCLA undergraduate students in Blaisdell's laboratory; Hwee Cheei Lim, the
manger of Blaisdell's lab; Cynthia D. Fast, a UCLA graduate student in the lab;
Dennis Garlick, a postdoctoral scholar in the lab; and David Pendergrass, a
biology professor at the University of Kansas.
The research
was funded by the National Science Foundation and by entrepreneur Cameron
Smith.
Story
Source:
The above
story is based on materials provided by University of California - Los Angeles. The original
article was written by Stuart Wolpert. Note: Materials may be edited for
content and length.
Journal
Reference:
- Aaron P. Blaisdell, Yan Lam Matthew Lau, Ekatherina Telminova, Hwee Cheei Lim, Boyang Fan, Cynthia D. Fast, Dennis Garlick, David C. Pendergrass. Food quality and motivation: A refined low-fat diet induces obesity and impairs performance on a progressive ratio schedule of instrumental lever pressing in rats. Physiology & Behavior, 2014; 128: 220 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.025
Cite This
Page:
University of California - Los
Angeles. "Does a junk food diet make you lazy? Psychology study offers
answer." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 4 April 2014.
<www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140404221904.htm>.
Life
scientists led by UCLA's Aaron Blaisdell placed 32 female rats on one of two
diets for six months. The first, a standard rat's diet, consisted of relatively
unprocessed foods like ground corn and fish meal. The ingredients in the second
were highly processed, of lower quality and included substantially more sugar
-- a proxy for a junk food diet.
After just
three months, the researchers observed a significant difference in the amount
of weight the rats had gained, with the 16 on the junk food diet having become
noticeably fatter.
"One
diet led to obesity, the other didn't," said Blaisdell, a professor of
psychology in the UCLA College of Letters and Science and a member of UCLA's
Brain Research Institute.
The
experiments the researchers performed, Blaisdell said, also suggest that
fatigue may result from a junk food diet.
As part of
the study, the rats were given a task in which they were required to press a
lever to receive a food or water reward. The rats on the junk food diet
demonstrated impaired performance, taking substantially longer breaks than the
lean rats before returning to the task. In a 30-minute session, the overweight
rats took breaks that were nearly twice as long as the lean ones.
The research
is currently online and is scheduled for publication in the April 10 print
edition of the journal Physiology and Behavior.
After six
months, the rats' diets were switched, and the overweight rats were given the
more nutritious diet for nine days. This change, however, didn't help reduce
their weight or improve their lever responses.
The reverse
was also true: Placing the lean rats on the junk food diet for nine days didn't
increase their weight noticeably or result in any reduction in their motivation
on the lever task. These findings suggest that a pattern of consuming junk
food, not just the occasional binge, is responsible for obesity and cognitive
impairments, Blaisdell said.
"There's
no quick fix," he noted.
What are the
implications for humans? Do people who are overweight become less healthy or do
less healthy people become overweight?
"Overweight
people often get stigmatized as lazy and lacking discipline," Blaisdell
said. "We interpret our results as suggesting that the idea commonly
portrayed in the media that people become fat because they are lazy is
wrong. Our data suggest that diet-induced obesity is a cause, rather than an
effect, of laziness. Either the highly processed diet causes fatigue or the
diet causes obesity, which causes fatigue."
Blaisdell
believes the findings are very likely to apply to humans, whose physiological
systems are similar to rats'. Junk food diets make humans -- and rats --
hungrier, he said.
In addition,
the researchers found that the rats on the junk food diet grew large numbers of
tumors throughout their bodies by the end of the study. Those on the more
nutritious diet had fewer and small tumors that were not as widespread.
Blaisdell,
45, changed his diet more than five years ago to eat "what our human
ancestors ate." He avoids processed food, bread, pasta, grains and food
with added sugar. He eats meats, seafood, eggs, vegetables and fruits, and he
has seen dramatic improvements in his health, both physically and mentally.
"I've
noticed a big improvement in my cognition," he said. "I'm full of
energy throughout the day, and my thoughts are clear and focused."
An expert in
animal cognition, Blaisdell conducts research that addresses the relationship
between health and lifestyle (diet and exercise) and the relationship between a
junk food diet and cognitive impairments it may induce.
"We are
living in an environment with sedentary lifestyles, poor-quality diet and
highly processed foods that is very different from the one we are adapted to
through human evolution," he said. "It is that difference that leads
to many of the chronic diseases that we see today, such as obesity and
diabetes."
Co-authors
of the research are Yan Lam Matthew Lau, Ekatherina Telminova and Boyang Fan,
UCLA undergraduate students in Blaisdell's laboratory; Hwee Cheei Lim, the
manger of Blaisdell's lab; Cynthia D. Fast, a UCLA graduate student in the lab;
Dennis Garlick, a postdoctoral scholar in the lab; and David Pendergrass, a
biology professor at the University of Kansas.
The research
was funded by the National Science Foundation and by entrepreneur Cameron
Smith.
Story
Source:
The above
story is based on materials provided by University of California - Los Angeles. The original
article was written by Stuart Wolpert. Note: Materials may be edited for
content and length.
Journal
Reference:
- Aaron P. Blaisdell, Yan Lam Matthew Lau, Ekatherina Telminova, Hwee Cheei Lim, Boyang Fan, Cynthia D. Fast, Dennis Garlick, David C. Pendergrass. Food quality and motivation: A refined low-fat diet induces obesity and impairs performance on a progressive ratio schedule of instrumental lever pressing in rats. Physiology & Behavior, 2014; 128: 220 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.02.025
Cite This
Page:
University of California - Los
Angeles. "Does a junk food diet make you lazy? Psychology study offers
answer." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 4 April 2014.
<www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/04/140404221904.htm>.
