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Fosil
terbukti bermanfaat dalam analisis fenomena siklus juta tahun
Fossils prove useful in analyzing million year old cyclical phenomena
Date:
May 20, 2014
Source:
University of Granada
Summary:
Analysing palaeontological data helps characterize
irregular paleoenvironmental cycles, lasting between less than 1 day and more
than millions of years. Scientists have shown that the cyclical phenomena that
affect the environment, like climate change, in the atmosphere-ocean dynamic
and, even, disturbances to planetary orbits, have existed since hundreds of
millions of year ago and can be studied by analyzing fossils.
...............
Analysing palaeontological data helps characterize irregular
paleoenvironmental cycles, lasting between less than 1 day and more than
millions of years.
Francisco J.
RodrÃguez-Tovar, Professor of Stratigraphy and Paleontology at the University
of Granada has shown that the cyclical phenomena that affect the environment,
like climate change, in the atmosphere-ocean dynamic and, even, disturbances to
planetary orbits, have existed since hundreds of millions of year ago and can
be studied by analysing fossils.
This is
borne out by the palaeontological data analysed, which have facilitated the
characterization of irregular cyclical paleoenvironmental changes, lasting
between less than 1 day and up to millions of years.
Francisco J.
RodrÃguez-Tovar, Professor de Stratigraphy and Paleontology at the University
of Granada, has analysed how fossil records can be used as a key tool to
characterize these cyclical phenomena that have varying time scales.
The results
of this research have been published in the prestigious journal Annual
Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences, the second-ranked journal in the
category of Geosciences, Multidisciplinary in the Journal Citation Reports
ranking, after Nature Geosciences, with an impact factor close to 9. Never
before has a Spanish scientist succeeded in having an article published in this
journal.
As Dr
RodrÃguez-Tovar indicates, these are cyclical phenomena of a variable scale,
from less than a day to more than millions of years, and which have appeared in
different ways in the fossil record.
In the case
of those lasting between less than 1 day and 1 year, “these are phenomena on an
ecological scale essentially associated with variations in tidal and solar
cycles that were recorded in the models of growth of organisms like bivalve
shells or corals. Hence, we find evidence of them in fossils dating from the
Paleozoic (more than 500 million years ago)”, says Prof. RodrÃguez-Tovar of
the University of Granada.
Moreover, in
his article he has studied cyclical phenomena that have lasted between 1 year
and 10,000 years, like those associated with the El Niño phenomenon
(a cyclical climactic phenomenon causing the warming of South American seas),
the so-called Dansgaard-Oeschger Cycles or the Heinrich Events. The latter took
place during the last Ice Age, and determined variations in the abundance,
distribution and diversity of populations and marine and terrestrial species.
Also, he has
analysed cyclical phenomena of between 10 000 and 1 million
years ago, essentially associated with climactic changes due to orbital
variations (Milankovitch cycles), that are recorded in the evolutionary
patterns of specific species, even bringing about their extinction.
Finally,
Professor RodrÃguez-Tovar has studied cyclical changes lasting over 1 million
years, occurring throughout the Phanerozoic period, which are interpretation as
being associated with extraterrestrial phenomena (meteorite impacts, such as
those occurring in the late Cretaceous/early Tertiary, some 65 million years
ago) or terrestrial phenomena (such as large-scale volcanism).
“These
changes are related with major periodic extinctions, which affect a high
percentage of the biota, since in most cases more than 65% of living organisms
became extinct”, Prof. RodrÃguez-Tovar points out.
Story
Source:
The above
story is based on materials provided by University of Granada. Note: Materials may be
edited for content and length.
Journal
Reference:
- Francisco J. RodrÃguez-Tovar. Orbital Climate Cycles in the Fossil Record: From Semidiurnal to Million-Year Biotic Responses. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 2013; 42 (1): 140205180347002 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-earth-120412-145922
Cite This
Page:
University of Granada. "Fossils
prove useful in analyzing million year old cyclical phenomena."
ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 20 May 2014.
