Obat eksperimental Berasal Dari “Snake Venom” Menunjukkan peluang Dalam “Reversing Effects Of Stroke”--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang-KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

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Obat eksperimental Berasal Dari “Snake Venom” Menunjukkan peluang  Dalam “Reversing Effects Of Stroke”

Date:

February 5, 1999

Source:

American Heart Association

Summary:

Sebuah terapi stroke yang berasal dari bisa ular ? Menurut peneliti , itu bukan cerita minyak ular , melainkan cara baru yang mungkin untuk membantu orang sembuh dari efek merusak dari stroke.

.................... Para ilmuwan mengumumkan hasil 500 - orang percobaan pada pengujian  efek obat stroke yang eksperimental yang disebut ANCROD hari ini di Konferensi Asosiasi Jantung Amerika Internasional ke 24 pada Stroke dan Sirkulasi serebral ....more

Experimental
Drug Derived From Snake Venom Shows Promise In Reversing Effects Of Stroke

Date:

February 5, 1999

Source:

American Heart Association

Summary:

A stroke therapy derived from snake venom? According to researchers, it's
not a snake oil story, but instead a possible new way to help people recover
from the devastating effects of stroke.

....................

NASHVILLE, Feb. 4 -- A stroke therapy derived from snake venom? According
to researchers, it's not a snake oil story, but instead a possible new way to
help people recover from the devastating effects of stroke.

Scientists announced the results of a 500-person trial examining the
effects of an experimental stroke drug called ANCROD here today at the 24th
American Heart Association International Conference on Stroke and Cerebral
Circulation.

Researchers found that 42 percent of stroke victims treated with ANCROD
within three hours of stroke onset had recovered the physical and mental
abilities that they had prior to the stroke.

In comparison, 34 percent of those receiving an inert substance, or
placebo, regained their previous faculties. However, stroke patients who
received ANCROD were also at a higher risk of bleeding in the brain (5 percent
of patients) when compared to those who received the placebo (2 percent).

ANCROD is not yet approved by the Food and Drug Administration for stroke
treatment. Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is the only FDA-approved acute
stroke treatment.

ANCROD is derived from the venom of a pit viper snake. Researchers discovered
that in people who were bitten by the snake, blood failed to clot. Based on
that observation, the venom was utilized as an anticoagulant, helping blood
flow more freely through vessels.

"Like clot-dissolving drugs TPA and urokinase, the goal was for ANCROD
to be administered within three hours of stroke onset," says the study's
lead author, David Sherman, M.D. "Also, none of these three drugs are for
use in patients who have hemorrhagic strokes, caused by a burst or leaking
blood vessel in the brain."

There are sharp contrasts between the treatments, however, says Sherman.

TPA is administered in a single-dose, hour-long injection and results can
be seen soon thereafter. ANCROD is given intravenously through a catheter over
a 3-to-5 day span in the hospital. While TPA dissolves the clots causing the
most common type of stroke, ANCROD lowers the level of fibrinogen in the
bloodstream.

Fibrinogen is a clotting factor that is produced naturally by the body. It
can help form clots that can in turn block blood flow to the brain, resulting
in a stroke. ANCROD improves the bloods viscosity, a measurement of how well it
flows through blood vessels.

"We found that patients who had their fibrinogen levels lowered
promptly, within 6 hours, and maintained in the target range after treatment
had the best response to the treatment," says Sherman, professor and
chief, division of neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San
Antonio.

The initial amount of ANCROD administered is determined by the patients blood
fibrinogen level and body weight.

The additional amounts of ANCROD administered is adjusted based on the
amount of fibrinogen in the blood, which is regularly monitored for 3-to-5 days
during hospitalization, according to Sherman. By keeping the fibrinogen levels
between 40-70 milligrams per deciliter of blood, Sherman says it's possible to
reverse the effects of the initial stroke, minimize the bleeding risk and
protect against a recurrent stroke during therapy.

"What I envision if ANCROD is approved is that the physician would
have the option of using either TPA or ANCROD, based on what would be best for
that particular patient," says Sherman. "Overall, TPA has been shown
to be a little bit more effective than ANCROD, but it also carries a little bit
more danger with the possibility of bleeding in the brain. It's also easier to
use -- one shot, one hour and youre done."

"With ANCROD, you're treating someone for 3 to 5 days and making sure
their fibrinogen levels dont get too low or too high. There's more of a
user-friendliness with ANCROD in the sense that youre able to monitor the
patient more closely as you move forward with the treatment."

In the study, patients were treated between 3-to-5 days and then followed
up at 3 months post-stroke; their progress was measured by various tests to
determine neurological damage and ability to function in a normal manner.

"We think that its probably going to turn out to be safer than TPA in
terms of risk of bleeding," says Sherman. "With the new therapy, the
effects of the drug are sustained for five days instead of an hour or two,
without increasing the bleeding risk over time."

The major risk in using clot-busting drugs is bleeding, or hemorrhage, in
the brain.

Sherman says that ANCROD should not be considered a clot-busting therapy
like TPA or urokinase, even though it does have similar properties.

"It's given through an IV infusion, so in that sense its similar to
TPA," says Sherman. "TPA is usually an hour-long infusion while
ANCROD is continuous over three days so you dont have the dramatic changes in
coagulation that you can get with other types of clot-dissolving therapy."







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byAmerican
Heart Association. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1999/02/990205085135.htm

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