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fosil pertama dinosaurus ditemukan di negara bagian Washington

Date:

May 20, 2015

Source:

University of Washington

Summary:

Ahli paleontologi telah menerbitkan deskripsi  fosil pertama dinosaurus  dari negara bagian Washington . Fosil tersebut dikumpulkan sepanjang pantai Sucia Island State Park di Kepulauan San Juan .....read more

First dinosaur fossil discovered in
Washington state

Date:

May 20, 2015

Source:

University of Washington

Summary:

Paleontologists have published a description of the first dinosaur fossil
from Washington state. The fossil was collected along the shores of Sucia
Island State Park in the San Juan Islands.

........................

The first dinosaur fossil described from Washington state (left) is a
portion of a femur leg bone (full illustration right) from a theropod dinosaur.
Theropods are a group of meat-eating, two-legged dinosaurs, including T. rex
and Velociraptor. The fossil was discovered by Burke Museum paleontologists at
Sucia Island State Park in the San Juan Islands.

Credit: Illustration courtesy of PLOS ONE, modified by the Burke Museum.

Burke Museum paleontologists have published a description of the first
dinosaur fossil from Washington state. The fossil was collected by a Burke
Museum research team along the shores of Sucia Island State Park in the San
Juan Islands.

Burke Museum researchers discovered the fossil while collecting ammonite
fossils (a creature with a spiral shell) from a marine rock unit known as the
Cedar District Formation. The researchers first noticed a small section of
exposed bone on the surface of the rocks, then returned with a team of
paleontologists to help excavate the fossil so it could be studied at the Burke
Museum.

A new study by Burke Museum Curator of Vertebrate Paleontology Dr.
Christian Sidor and University of Washington graduate student Brandon Peecook
describes the find in the journal PLOS ONE. The fossil is a partial
left femur of a theropod dinosaur, the group of two-legged, carnivorous
dinosaurs that includes Velociraptor, Tyrannosaurus rex and modern birds.

The fossil is 16.7 inches long and 8.7 inches wide. Because the fossil is
incomplete, paleontologists aren't able to identify the exact family or species
it belonged to. However, Sidor and Peecook compared the fossil to other
museums' specimens and were able to calculate that the complete femur would have
been over 3 feet long -- slightly smaller than T. rex. The fossil is from the
Late Cretaceous period and is approximately 80 million years old.

Although incomplete, Sidor and Peecook were able to determine the femur is
from a theropod dinosaur for two reasons: First, the hollow middle cavity of
the bone (where marrow was present) is unique to theropods during this time
period; and second, a feature on the surface of the bone (the fourth
trochanter) is prominent and positioned relatively close to the hip, which is a
combination of traits known only in some theropods among dinosaurs.

"This fossil won't win a beauty contest," Sidor said. "But
fortunately it preserves enough anatomy that we were able to compare it to
other dinosaurs and be confident of its identification."

"The fossil record of the West Coast is very spotty when compared to
the rich record of the interior of North America," Peecook said.
"This specimen, though fragmentary, gives us insight into what the West
Coast was like 80 million years ago, plus it gets Washington into the dinosaur
club."

Washington is now the 37th state where dinosaurs have been found.

Fossilized prehistoric clams were also found inside the hollow part of the
bone, which indicates the dinosaur fossilized in marine rock. These additional
fossils are a rare occurrence and provide scientists with a snapshot of other
lifeforms that were present where the dinosaur fossilized.

The accompanying fossilized clams are so well preserved that Burke
paleontologists were able to identify the species,Crassatellites conradiana.
These clams lived in shallow water, so it's likely the dinosaur died near the
sea, was tossed by the waves, and eventually came to rest among the clams.

Why have no dinosaurs been found in Washington state until now?

Dinosaurs are found in rocks from the time periods in which they lived
(240-66 million years ago). Washington state was mostly underwater during this
period, so Washington has very little exposed rock of the right age. Because
dinosaurs were land animals, it is very unusual to find dinosaur fossils in
marine rocks--making this fossil a rare and lucky discovery.

How did the dinosaur get to Sucia Island State Park?

Eighty million years ago, the rocks that today form Sucia Island were
likely deposited farther south. How much farther south is a topic of scientific
debate, with locations ranging between present-day Baja California, Mexico, and
Northern California. Earthquakes and other geologic forces that constantly
reshape our planet moved the rocks north to their present-day location.







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by University
of Washington. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Brandon R. Peecook , Christian A. Sidor. The First Dinosaur from
Washington State and a Review of Pacific Coast Dinosaurs from North America. PLoS
One, 2015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127792

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/05/150520151618.htm

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