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Ditemukan Potensi pengobatan untuk penyakit Parkinson
Date:
July 16, 2015
Source:
Nanyang Technological University
Summary:
Para ilmuwan telah menemukan bahwa ada obat anti - malaria bisa menjadi pengobatan yang potensial untuk penyakit Parkinson . Penyakit Parkinson adalah gangguan degeneratif sistem saraf pusat yang menyebabkan seseorang kehilangan kontrol gerakan motorik , seperti kemampuan untuk memindahkan nya tangan , lengan , dan kaki .
......... Penyakit Parkinson adalah gangguan degeneratif sistem saraf pusat yang menyebabkan seseorang kehilangan kontrol gerakan motorik , seperti kemampuan untuk memindahkan nya tangan , lengan , dan kaki ....more
Potential
treatment for Parkinson's disease discovered
Date:
July 16, 2015
Source:
Nanyang Technological University
Summary:
Scientists have found that existing anti-malaria drugs could be a potential
treatment for Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a degenerative
disorder of the central nervous system that causes a person to lose control of
motor movements, such as the ability to move his or her hands, arms, and legs.
.................
Scientists from Singapore's Nanyang Technological University (NTU Singapore)
and McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School in the United States have found
that existing anti-malaria drugs could be a potential treatment for Parkinson's
disease.
Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous
system that causes a person to lose control of motor movements, such as the
ability to move his or her hands, arms, and legs.
Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative conditions
in Singapore. It affects three out of every 1,000 persons aged 50 years and
above. With an aging population in Singapore, cases of neurodegenerative
diseases are set to rise.
Currently, there is no cure or treatment which can slow down or stop
Parkinson's disease, which affects an estimated 10 million people worldwide.
This groundbreaking research was published recently inProceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) online,
a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
The multi-year research project was a partnership between Professor
Kwang-Soo Kim from McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School in the United
States and Associate Professor Yoon Ho Sup from NTU's School of Biological
Sciences.
The team of international scientists had discovered that by activating
Nurr1, a class of proteins found in the brain, it protects the brain's ability
to generate dopamine neurons.
Dopamine, commonly known as the chemical in the brain that generates
pleasurable feelings, is an important neurotransmitter that affects motor
control and movement of muscles in the body.
Parkinson's disease disrupts the production of dopamine neurons and
progressively causes the loss of motor control.
In laboratory tests, the scientists found that by activating Nurr1, the
rats which had Parkinson's disease appeared to improve in their behaviour and
showed no signs of suffering from the disease.
Assoc Prof Yoon said the team had screened about 1000 FDA-approved drugs
before they found two anti-malaria drugs which worked: Chloroquine and
Amodiaquine.
"Our discovery brings hope for the millions of people suffering from
Parkinson's disease, as the drugs that we have found to have worked in the
laboratory tests have already been used to treat malaria in patients for
decades," said Assoc Prof Yoon, an expert in drug discovery and design.
"Our research also shows that existing drugs can be repurposed to
treat other diseases and once several potential drugs are found, we can
redesign them to be more effective in combating their targeted diseases while
reducing the side effects."
Professor Kwang-Soo Kim, a leading expert in Parkinson's disease, said the
current golden standard of treatment is to replenish the patients' dopamine
levels through medication or by using a surgical method to do deep brain
stimulation using electric currents.
"However, these pharmacological and surgical treatments address the
patient's symptoms, such as to improve mobility functions in the early stages
of the disease, but the treatments cannot slow down or stop the disease
process," Prof Kim explains.
"Backed by various lines of scientific evidence, Nurr1 is known to be
a potential drug target to treat Parkinson's. Despite great efforts from
pharmaceutical companies and academia, no one has managed to find a molecule
which can directly bind to it and activate it, except for us."
Both Chloroquine and Amodiaquine are approved by the US Food and Drug
Administration and are used treat malaria infections. Chloroquine was used in
the late 1940s to early 1950s, until the malaria parasite grew resistant while
Amodiaquine is still being used in Africa today.
The scientists are now looking into studying more drugs which can halt and
reverse the onset of Parkinson's disease.
They also aim to design better drugs for the disease by modifying
Chloroquine and Amodiaquine. The team hopes to carry out clinical trials with
these modified drugs.
Story Source:
The above post is reprinted from materials provided byNanyang
Technological University. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1.
Chun-Hyung Kim, Baek-Soo Han, Jisook Moon, Deog-Joong Kim, Joon Shin,
Sreekanth Rajan, Quoc Toan Nguyen, Mijin Sohn, Won-Gon Kim, Minjoon Han, Inhye
Jeong, Kyoung-Shim Kim, Eun-Hye Lee, Yupeng Tu, Jacqueline L. Naffin-Olivos,
Chang-Hwan Park, Dagmar Ringe, Ho Sup Yoon, Gregory A. Petsko, Kwang-Soo
Kim. Nuclear receptor Nurr1 agonists enhance its dual functions and
improve behavioral deficits in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015; 112 (28): 8756 DOI:10.1073/pnas.1509742112