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Virus-mirip partikel Vaksin  melindungi tikus dari banyak strain flu

Date:

July 21, 2015

Source:

American Society for Microbiology

Summary:

Setiap tahun , para ilmuwan menciptakan vaksin influenza ( flu )  yang melindungi terhadap strain influenza tertentu dimana beberapa peneliti memprediksi akan menjadi yang paling umum selama tahun itu . Sekarang , sebuah studi baru menunjukkan bahwa para ilmuwan mungkin dapat membuat vaksin ' yang universal ' yang dapat memberikan perlindungan yang luas terhadap berbagai strain influenza, termasuk yang bisa menyebabkan pandemik di masa depan .

........ " Alasan peneliti mengubah vaksin setiap tahun adalah bahwa mereka ingin vaksin secara khusus sesuai dengan  untuk virus tertentu yang beredar , seperti H1N1 . Jika vaksin ini hanya sedikit berbeda dengan target virus , tidak diharapkan untuk menawarkan perlindungan banyak , " kata peneliti utama dari studi Jeffery Taubenberger , MD , PhD , Kepala Viral Patogenesis dan bagian Evolution  , Laboratorium Penyakit Menular, Institut Nasional Alergi dan Penyakit Menular ( NIAID ) . " Apa yang kami lakukan adalah merancang strategi di mana Anda tidak harus berpikir tentang pencocokan antigen vaksin untuk semua virus  . "....more

Virus-like
particle vaccine protects mice from many flu strains

Date:

July 21, 2015

Source:

American Society for Microbiology

Summary:

Each year, scientists create an influenza (flu) vaccine that protects
against a few specific influenza strains that researchers predict are going to
be the most common during that year. Now, a new study shows that scientists may
be able to create a 'universal' vaccine that can provide broad protection
against numerous influenza strains, including those that could cause future
pandemics.

......................

Each year, scientists create an influenza (flu) vaccine that protects
against a few specific influenza strains that researchers predict are going to
be the most common during that year. Now, a new study shows that scientists may
be able to create a 'universal' vaccine that can provide broad protection
against numerous influenza strains, including those that could cause future
pandemics. The study appears inmBio, the online
open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology.

"The reason researchers change the vaccine every year is that they
want to specifically match the vaccine to the particular viruses that are
circulating, such as H1N1. If the vaccine is just a little bit different to the
target virus, it is not expected to offer much protection," said principal
investigator of the study Jeffery Taubenberger, MD, PhD, Chief of Viral
Pathogenesis and Evolution Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). "What we have done
is design a strategy where you don't have to think about matching the vaccine
antigen to the virus at all."

In the new study, researchers at the NIAID used a virus-like particle
vaccine cocktail that expressed a handful of different subtypes of a key
surface protein of the influenza virus: hemagglutinin H1, H3, H5 and H7.
"There are 16 different hemagglutinin subtypes that circulate in birds and
are thought to be the basis for current and future influenza pandemics," said
Dr. Taubenberger. "The hypothesis was that the presentation of these
different viral proteins would stimulate the development of cross-protective
immunity that would provide broader protection against multiple subtypes."

The researchers picked the H1 and H3 subtypes because they have been the
major cause of human seasonal flu outbreaks since 1918. They chose the H5 and
H7 subtypes because they have been the cause of recent bird flu outbreaks and
have pandemic potential. This selection also provided a broad representation of
hemagglutinins across the phylogenetic tree.

In a series of experiments, the researchers found that 95% of mice
vaccinated with the investigational cocktail were protected against a lethal
challenge with eight different influenza strains expressing seven different
influenza A subtypes, compared to only 5% of mice who received mock
vaccinations.

"Almost all of the animals that were vaccinated survived, including
mice that were challenged with viruses that expressed hemagglutinin subtypes
that were not in the vaccine at all, viruses that expressed H2, H6, H10, and
H11," said Dr. Taubenberger. "What that suggests is that this
approach really gives us broad spectrum protection, and could serve as a basis
for an effective pre-pandemic vaccine."

Additional experiments showed that the vaccine was durable, effective for
at least 6 months, and that it worked well in older mice. This is important
given that elderly people are particularly susceptible to severe disease
following influenza infection, and current vaccines are less efficacious in the
elderly than in younger people.

"These initial findings are very positive and suggest a promising and
practical strategy for developing a vaccine with amazing, broad
protection," said Dr. Taubenberger.







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byAmerican
Society for Microbiology. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Louis M. Schwartzman, Andrea L. Cathcart, Lindsey M. Pujanauski, Li Qi,
John C. Kash, Jeffery K. Taubenberger.An Intranasal Virus-Like Particle
Vaccine Broadly Protects Mice from Multiple Subtypes of Influenza A Virus. mBio,
July 2015 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01044-15

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150721102745.htm

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