Apakah Korban dari komposisi effek Snake Venom ?--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

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Apakah Korban dari komposisi effek Snake Venom ?

Date:

September 30, 2007

Source:

BioMed Central

Summary:

Se ekor ular yang memangsa  dapat mempengaruhi jenis dan evolusi racun dalam venom mereka . pada  ular , komposisi racun bervariasi baik antar spesies dan dalam spesies tertentu . Ular tanah memakan berbagai hewan dan burung , sehingga para ilmuwan berpikir bahwa ular ini membutuhkan beragam racun dalam venom  mereka . Ular laut , di sisi lain , cenderung memiliki pola makan yang lebih terbatas , memangsa  hanya  ikan . Racun dalam ular ini kini telah terbukti kurang beragam daripada  ular terestrial .

................ pada  ular , komposisi racun bervariasi baik antar spesies dan dalam spesies tertentu . Ular tanah memakan berbagai hewan dan burung , sehingga para ilmuwan berpikir bahwa ular ini membutuhkan beragam racun dalam venom  mereka . Ular laut , di sisi lain , cenderung memiliki pola makan yang lebih terbatas , memangsa  hanya  ikan . Racun dalam ular ini kini telah terbukti kurang beragam daripada  ular terestrial ........more

Does The Victim
Affect Snake Venom Composition?

Date:

September 30, 2007

Source:

BioMed Central

Summary:

A snake's intended prey might affect the type and evolution of toxins in
their venom. In snakes, venom composition varies both between species and within
a particular species. Land snakes feed on a range of animals and birds, so
scientists think that these snakes need a diverse array of toxins in their
venom. Sea snakes, on the other hand, tend to have a more restricted diet,
feeding only on fish. The toxins in these snakes have now been shown to be less
diverse than those in terrestrial snakes.

................

A snake's intended prey might affect the type and evolution of toxins in
their venom, research published in BMC Evolutionary Biology shows.

In snakes, venom composition varies both between species and within a
particular species. Land snakes feed on a range of animals and birds, so
scientists think that these snakes need a diverse array of toxins in their
venom. Sea snakes, on the other hand, tend to have a more restricted diet,
feeding only on fish. The toxins in these snakes have now been shown to be less
diverse than those in terrestrial snakes.

Professor R Manjunatha Kini and colleagues from the National University of
Singapore examined two kinds of sea snakes. They constructed complementary DNA
libraries from the venom glands of the reptiles, representing only the
stretches of DNA that code for venom gland proteins, and studied two types of
protein toxins. The three-finger toxins (3FTx) and the phospholipase A2 (PLA2)
enzymes are the main components of sea snake venom.

Although the sea snakes studied lived in very different aquatic
environments, the toxins examined were similar in both and the genes encoding
the toxins were highly conserved. By contrast, the same toxins in land snakes
and sea kraits (which fall between land and sea snakes) showed much greater
diversity. The researchers suggest that the toxin genes in sea snakes have
remained relatively unchanged because of sea snakes share the same kind of
feeding behaviour and diet.

"We examine toxin genes of snakes to identify new toxins, some of
which will be useful in developing new therapeutic strategies to treat human
diseases," says Prof Kini from the Department of Biological Sciences, National
University of Singapore. "A new anticoagulant or a hypotensive toxin may
help us develop new cardiovascular drugs to block unwanted clot formation or to
lower the blood pressure."

Article:  Expression pattern of three-finger toxin and phospholipase
A2 genes in the venom glands of two sea snakes, Lapemis curtus and Acalyptophis
peronii: comparison of evolution of these toxins in land snakes, sea kraits and
sea snakes, Susanta Pahari, David Bickford, Bryan G Fry and R Manjunatha Kini,
BMC Evolutionary Biology (in press)







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided
by BioMed Central. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/09/070926191406.htm

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