Pembakaran sisa bahan bakar fosil dapat menyebabkan kenaikan permukaan laut 60 meter--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

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Pembakaran sisa bahan bakar fosil dapat menyebabkan kenaikan permukaan laut 60 meter

Date:

September 11, 2015

Source:

Carnegie Institution

Summary:

menunjukkan bahwa sisa sumber daya planet ini bahan bakar fosil akan cukup untuk mencairkan hampir semua Antartika jika dibakar , yang mengarah ke 50- atau 60 meter ( 160-200 kaki ) kenaikan permukaan laut . Karena begitu banyak kota-kota besar berada di atau dekat permukaan laut , ini akan menempatkan banyak daerah yang sangat padat di mana lebih dari satu miliar orang hidup di bawah air , termasuk New York City dan Washington , DC

........... Meskipun Antartika sudah mulai kehilangan es , faktor array kompleks  akan menentukan masa depan lapisan es ini , termasuk gas rumah kaca yang disebabkan pemanasan atmosfer , pemanasan samudera tambahan diabadikan oleh pemanasan atmosfer , dan efek menangkal kemungkinan hujan salju tambahan .........more

Burning remaining fossil fuel could cause 60-meter sea
level rise

Date:

September 11, 2015

Source:

Carnegie Institution

Summary:

New work demonstrates that the planet's
remaining fossil fuel resources would be sufficient to melt nearly all of
Antarctica if burned, leading to a 50- or 60-meter (160 to 200 foot) rise in
sea level. Because so many major cities are at or near sea level, this would
put many highly populated areas where more than a billion people live under
water, including New York City and Washington, D.C.

....................

New work from an international team
including Carnegie's Ken Caldeira demonstrates that the planet's remaining
fossil fuel resources would be sufficient to melt nearly all of Antarctica if
burned, leading to a 50- or 60-meter (160 to 200 foot) rise in sea level.
Because so many major cities are at or near sea level, this would put many
highly populated areas where more than a billion people live under water,
including New York City and Washington, DC. It is published in Science Advances.

"Our findings show that if we do
not want to melt Antarctica, we can't keep taking fossil fuel carbon out of the
ground and just dumping it into the atmosphere as CO2 like
we've been doing," Caldeira said. "Most previous studies of Antarctic
have focused on loss of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Our study demonstrates
that burning coal, oil, and gas also risks loss of the much larger East
Antarctic Ice Sheet."

Caldeira initiated this project with
lead author Ricarda Winkelmann while she was a Visiting Investigator at the
Carnegie Institution for Science. Winkelmann and co-author Anders Levermann are
at the Postdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; co-author Andy Ridgwell
is at the University of California Riverside.

Although Antarctica has already begun to
lose ice, a complex array of factors will determine the ice sheet's future,
including greenhouse gas-caused atmospheric warming, additional oceanic warming
perpetuated by the atmospheric warming, and the possible counteracting effects
of additional snowfall.

"It is much easier to predict that
an ice cube in a warming room is going to melt eventually than it is to say
precisely how quickly it will vanish," Winkelmann said, explaining all the
contributing factors for which the team's models had to account.

The team used modeling to study the ice
sheet's evolution over the next 10,000 years, because carbon persists in the
atmosphere millennia after it is released. They found that the West Antarctic
ice sheet becomes unstable if carbon emissions continue at current levels for
60 to 80 years, representing only 6 to 8 percent of the 10,000 billion tons of
carbon that could be released if we use all accessible fossil fuels.

"The West Antarctic ice sheet may
already have tipped into a state of unstoppable ice loss, whether as a result
of human activity or not. But if we want to pass on cities like Tokyo, Hong
Kong, Shanghai, Calcutta, Hamburg and New York as our future heritage, we need
to avoid a tipping in East Antarctica," Levermann said.

The team found that if global warming
did not exceed the 2 degree Celsius target often cited by climate policymakers,
Antarctic melting would cause sea levels to rise only a few meters and remain
manageable. But greater warming could reshape the East and West ice sheets
irreparably, with every additional tenth of a degree increasing the risk of
total and irreversible Antarctic ice loss.

This is the first study to model the
effects of unrestrained fossil-fuel burning on the entirety of the Antarctic
ice sheet. The study does not predict greatly increased rates of ice loss for
this century, but found that average rates of sea level rise over the next
1,000 years could be about 3 centimeters per year (more than 1 inch per year)
leading to about 30 m (100 feet) of sea level rise by the end of this
millennium. Over several thousand years, total sea level rise from all sources
could reach up to 60 meters (200 feet).

"If we don't stop dumping our waste
CO2 into
the sky, land that is now home to more than a billion people will one day be
underwater," Caldeira said.







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byCarnegie
Institution. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Ricarda Winkelmann, Anders Levermann,
Andy Ridgwell, and Ken Caldeira. Combustion of available fossil fuel
resources sufficient to eliminate the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Science
Advances, 2015 DOI:10.1126/sciadv.1500589

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