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Sinyal dari ruang kosong

Fisikawan berhasil dalam deteksi langsung pada fluktuasi vakum

Date:

October 2, 2015

Source:

University of Konstanz

Summary:

Apa sifat-sifat vakum , ketiadaan mutlak ? Sejauh ini , fisikawan telah asumsikan bahwa tidak mungkin untuk langsung mengakses karakteristik keadaan dasar dari ruang kosong . Sekarang , sebuah tim fisikawan telah berhasil melakukan hal itu . Mereka menunjukkan pengamatan langsung pertama yang disebut fluktuasi vakum dengan menggunakan pulsa cahaya pendek sementara menggunakan teknik pengukuran optic yang sangat tepat .

......... Adanya fluktuasi vakum sudah dikenal dari teori seperti berikut dari prinsip ketidakpastian Heisenberg , salah satu pilar utama fisika kuantum . Prinsip ini menyatakan bahwa medan listrik dan magnet tidak pernah bisa lenyap bersamaan .....more

Signals from
empty space

Physicists succeed in direct detection of vacuum fluctuations

Date:

October 2, 2015

Source:

University of Konstanz

Summary:

What are the properties of the vacuum, the absolute nothingness? So far,
physicists have assumed that it is impossible to directly access the
characteristics of the ground state of empty space. Now, a team of physicists
has succeeded in doing just that. They demonstrated a first direct observation
of the so-called vacuum fluctuations by using short light pulses while
employing highly precise optical measurement techniques.

................

What are the properties of the vacuum, the absolute nothingness? So far,
physicists have assumed that it is impossible to directly access the
characteristics of the ground state of empty space. Now, a team of physicists
led by Prof. Alfred Leitenstorfer at the University of Konstanz (Germany) has
succeeded in doing just that. They demonstrated a first direct observation of
the so-called vacuum fluctuations by using short light pulses while employing
highly precise optical measurement techniques. The duration of their light
pulses was ensured to be shorter than half a cycle of light in the spectral
range investigated. According to quantum physics, these oscillations exist even
in total darkness, when the intensity of light and radio waves completely
disappears. These findings are of fundamental importance for the development of
quantum physics and will be published in the journalScience; an advance
online version has appeared on October 1, 2015.

The existence of vacuum fluctuations is already known from theory as it
follows from Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, one of the main pillars of
quantum physics. This principle dictates that electric and magnetic fields can
never vanish simultaneously. As a consequence, even total darkness is filled
with finite fluctuations of the electromagnetic field, representing the quantum
ground state of light and radio waves. However, until now direct experimental
proof of this basic phenomenon has been considered impossible. Instead, it is
usually assumed that vacuum fluctuations are manifested in nature only
indirectly. From spontaneous emission of light by excited atoms e.g. in a
fluorescent tube to influences on the structure of the universe during the Big
Bang: these are just some of the instances that highlight the ubiquitous role
the concept of vacuum fluctuations plays in the modern physical description of
the world.

An experimental setup to measure electric fields with extremely high temporal
resolution and sensitivity has now made it possible to directly detect vacuum
fluctuations, despite all contrary assumptions. World-leading optical
technologies and ultrashort pulsed laser systems of extreme stability provide
the know-how necessary for this study. The research team at the University of
Konstanz developed these technologies in-house and also an exact description of
the results based on quantum field theory. The temporal precision achieved in
their experiment is in the femtosecond range -- a millionth of a billionth of a
second. The sensitivity is limited only by the principles of quantum physics.
"This extreme precision has enabled us to see for the first time that we
are continuously surrounded by the fields of electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations"
sums up Alfred Leitenstorfer.

"What is scientifically surprising and especially intriguing in our
measurements is that we gain direct access to the ground state of a quantum
system without changing it, for example by amplification to a finite intensity"
explains Leitenstorfer. He was stunned by the research results himself:
"We have had a few years of sometimes sleepless nights -- all
possibilities of potentially interfering signals had to be excluded,"
smiles the physicist. "All in all we found out that our access to
elementary time scales, shorter than the oscillation period of the light waves
we investigate, is the key to understand the surprising possibilities that our
experiment opens up."

The European Research Council supports this project with an "ERC
Advanced Grant."







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byUniversity
of Konstanz. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
C. Riek, D. V. Seletskiy, A. S. Moskalenko, J. F. Schmidt, P. Krauspe, S.
Eckart, S. Eggert, G. Burkard, A. Leitenstorfer.Direct sampling of
electric-field vacuum fluctuations.Science, 2015; DOI: 10.1126/science.aac9788

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/10/151002082311.htm

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