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Punahnya   Reptil

Perhatian nasional telah terpaku pada masalah penurunan amfibi selama bertahun-tahun dan telah intensif dengan setiap laporan baru dari  menghilangnya populasi atau deformities... . Namun, menurut sebuah artikel dalam edisi 11 Agustus dari jurnal Bioscience , reptil berada dalam kesulitan yang lebih besar di seluruh dunia dari sepupu mereka  yang lebih dikenal .....

Running Out Of Reptiles

Date:

August 18, 2000

Source:

Savannah River Ecology Laboratory

Summary:

National attention has been riveted on the issue of amphibian declines for
years and has intensified with each new report of vanishing populations or deformities.
However, according to an article in the August 11th issue of the journal
BioScience, reptiles are in even greater distress worldwide than their better
known cousins.

......................

National attention has
been riveted on the issue of amphibian declines for years and has intensified
with each new report of vanishing populations or deformities. However,
according to an article in the August 11th issue of the journal BioScience,
reptiles are in even greater distress worldwide than their better known
cousins.

These two vertebrate classes are collectively referred to as the
herpetofauna but the focus of general concern has been almost exclusively on
amphibians. Now, however, scientists are hoping that the general public will
recognize what they have long known: that reptiles across the globe are
affected by many of the same forces as amphibians but with even greater impact.

The article's lead author, Dr. Whit Gibbons, a herpetologist and professor
of ecology at the University of Georgia, said, "Although the amphibian
decline problem is a serious threat, reptiles appear to be in even greater
danger of extinction worldwide." He said that while studies on both
amphibians and reptiles have not been as rigorous as scientists would like, the
existing documentation points to a coming crisis situation.

The problem is multifaceted. Habitat loss and degradation may be the
largest single factor in reptile loss. For even when part of a habitat is
protected, such as a wetland, the surrounding terrestrial habitat needed by
semiaquatic reptiles often is not. Conservation biologists hold as a basic
tenet of ecology that intact habitat is necessary for species persistence and
well-being. But habitat destruction is just the beginning of the problem.

Invasive species introduced to new areas can spell real danger for
reptiles. One example is the Galapagos tortoise, now near extinct due largely
to introduced rats which destroy the tortoise eggs. Other problems include
environmental pollution, disease and even the simple presence of humans among a
fragile population. Cars kill animals; predators are attracted by human food
wastes; cats and dogs hunt and people remove interesting animals or handle them
incorrectly.

The commercial use of reptiles is also cited as a cause for declines. The
harvesting of reptiles for pets, food and for use in folk medicines can result
in overcollection. This kind of use affects reptiles more than amphibians.
Human use is not universally bad, according to Gibbons, but such use should be "sustainable,"
that is, the population from which individuals are harvested should be able to
rebound to at least the same population level. This is especially difficult for
long-lived species, which may take years to reach maturity. Global climate
changes may also present problems for reptiles, according to the BioScience
article, and some population declines have been noted for which a cause cannot
be discerned.

Many populations thought to be in decline simply have not been monitored
over long periods of time, making evaluation of the problem difficult.
Additionally, the clandestine nature of many reptiles and their large home
ranges may allow a population to decline without notice. Gibbons believes the
best course for conservation initiatives is to "assume the worst" for
all herpetofauna while gathering more data.

"The disappearance of reptiles from the natural world is genuine and
should be a matter of concern," according to Gibbons. "Current
evidence suggests that these declines constitute a worldwide crisis."







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by Savannah River Ecology Laboratory. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.

 sumber

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/08/000811070243.htm

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