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Ular pra sejarah  on record dengan berat   2.500 Pounds Dan panjang  43 Feet 

Ular terbesar di dunia yang pernah dikenal – sepanjang  bus sekolah dan seberat sebuah mobil kecil – menjelajahi  ekosistem tropis hanya 6 juta tahun setelah runtuhnya  Tyrannosaurus rex , menurut penemuan baru yang dipublikasikan dalam jurnal Nature ...read more

At 2,500 Pounds And 43 Feet, Prehistoric
Snake Is Largest On Record

Date:

February 4, 2009

Source:

University of Florida

Summary:

The largest snake the world has ever known -- as long as a school bus and
as heavy as a small car -- ruled tropical ecosystems only 6 million years after
the demise of the fearsome Tyrannosaurus rex, according to a new discovery
published in the journal Nature.

................................

The largest snake the world has ever known -- as long as a school bus and
as heavy as a small car -- ruled tropical ecosystems only 6 million years after
the demise of the fearsome Tyrannosaurus rex, according to a new discovery
published in the journal Nature.

Partial skeletons of a new giant, boa constrictor-like snake named "Titanoboa"
found in Colombia by an international team of scientists and now at the
University of Florida are estimated to be 42 to 45 feet long, the length of the
T-Rex "Sue" displayed at Chicago's Field Museum, said Jonathan Bloch,
a UF vertebrate paleontologist who co-led the expedition with Carlos Jaramillo,
a paleobotanist from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama.

Researchers say the extinct snake was even larger than the wildest dreams
of directors of modern horror movies.

"Truly enormous snakes really spark people's imagination, but reality
has exceeded the fantasies of Hollywood," said Bloch, who is studying the
snake at the Florida Museum of Natural History on the UF campus. "The
snake that tried to eat Jennifer Lopez in the movie 'Anaconda' is not as big as
the one we found."

Jason Head, a paleontologist at the University of Toronto in Mississauga
and the paper's senior author, described it this way: "The snake's body
was so wide that if it were moving down the hall and decided to come into my
office to eat me, it would literally have to squeeze through the door."

Besides tipping the scales at an estimated 1.25 tons, the snake lived
during the Paleocene Epoch, a 10-million-year period immediately following the
extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, Bloch said.

The scientists also found many skeletons of giant turtles and extinct
primitive crocodile relatives that likely were eaten by the snake, he said.
"Prior to our work, there had been no fossil vertebrates found between 65
million and 55 million years ago in tropical South America, leaving us with a
very poor understanding of what life was like in the northern Neotropics,"
he said. "Now we have a window into the time just after the dinosaurs went
extinct and can actually see what the animals replacing them were like."

Size does matter because the snake's gigantic dimensions are a sign that
temperatures along the equator were once much hotter. That is because snakes
and other cold-blooded animals are limited in body size by the ambient
temperature of where they live, Bloch said.

"If you look at cold-blooded animals and their distribution on the
planet today, the large ones are in the tropics, where it's hottest, and they
become smaller the farther away they are from the equator," he said.

Based on the snake's size, the team was able to calculate that the mean
annual temperature at equatorial South America 60 million years ago would have
been about 91 degrees Fahrenheit, about 10 degrees warmer than today, Bloch
said.

The presence of outsized snakes and turtles shows that even 60 million
years ago the foundations of the modern Amazonian tropical ecosystem were in
place, he said.

Fossil hunting is usually difficult in the forest-covered tropics because
of the lack of exposed rock, Bloch said. But excavations in the Cerrejon Coal
Mine in Northern Colombia exposed the rock and offered an unparalleled
opportunity for discovery, he said.

After the team brought the fossils to the Florida Museum of Natural
History, it was UF graduate students Alex Hastings and Jason Bourque who first
recognized they belonged to a giant snake, Bloch said. Head, an expert on
fossil snakes, worked with David Polly, a paleontologist at the University of
Indiana, to estimate the snake's length and mass by determining the
relationship between body size and vertebral -- backbone -- size in living
snakes and using that relationship to figure out body size of the fossil snake
based on its vertebrae.

Harry W. Greene, professor in the department of ecology and evolutionary
biology at Cornell University and one of the world's leading snake experts,
said the "colossal" ancient boa researchers found has "important
implications for snake biology and our understanding of life in the ancient
tropics."

"The giant Colombian snake is a truly exciting discovery," said
Greene, who wrote the book "Snakes: The Evolution of Mystery in
Nature." "For decades herpetologists have argued about just how big
snakes can get, with debatable estimates of the max somewhat less than 40 feet."

Funding for the fieldwork came from National Science Foundation, the
Smithsonian Institution, Carbones del Cerrejón LLC (Colombia), the Geological
Society of America, and the Florida Museum of Natural History, University of
Florida.







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by University
of Florida. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Giant boid snake from the Palaeocene neotropics
reveals hotter past equatorial temperatures. Nature, 5 February 2009

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090204112217.htm

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