Koneksi otak tertentu terkait dengan sifat-sifat manusia yang positif--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik--koneksi otak-otak-berita tentang koneksi otak

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Koneksi otak tertentu terkait dengan sifat-sifat manusia yang positif

Mereka dengan gaya hidup positif klasik , perilaku memiliki koneksi otak yang berbeda untuk orang-orang dengan yang klasik negatif

Date:

September 28, 2015

Source:

University of Oxford

Summary:

Ada korespondensi yang kuat antara set tertentu dari koneksi di otak dan gaya hidup positif dan perilaku sifat, menurut sebuah studi baru. Para peneliti menunjukkan bahwa hasil mereka menyerupai apa psikolog sebut sebagai ‘intelijen umum  g-faktor': variabel pertama kali diusulkan pada tahun 1904 yang kadang-kadang digunakan untuk meringkas kemampuan seseorang pada tugas-tugas kognitif yang berbeda. Sedangkan hasil baru termasuk banyak tindakan nyata yang tidak termasuk dalam g-faktor - seperti pendapatan dan kepuasan hidup , misalnya - seperti memori, pengenalan pola dan kemampuan membaca .

......... Sebuah tim ilmuwan yang dipimpin oleh the University's Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain  telah menyelidiki sambungan di otak 461 orang dan membandingkannya dengan 280 tindakan perilaku dan demografis yang berbeda yang direkam untuk peserta yang sama. Mereka menemukan variasi  dalam konektivitas otak dan sifat-sifat individu pada  di sumbu tunggal - di mana orang-orang dengan gaya hidup dan perilaku klasik positif memiliki hubungan yang berbeda dengan mereka  yang klasik negatif.....more

Particular brain
connections linked to positive human traits

Those with classically positive lifestyles, behaviors had different brain
connections to those with classically negative ones

Date:

September 28, 2015

Source:

University of Oxford

Summary:

There is a strong correspondence between a particular set of connections in
the brain and positive lifestyle and behavior traits, according to a new study.
The researchers point out that their results resemble what psychologists refer
to as the 'general intelligence g-factor': a variable first proposed in 1904
that's sometimes used to summarize a person's abilities at different cognitive
tasks. While the new results include many real-life measures not included in
the g-factor -- such as income and life satisfaction, for instance -- those
such as memory, pattern recognition and reading ability are strongly mirrored.

...........................

There is a strong correspondence between a particular set of connections in
the brain and positive lifestyle and behaviour traits, according to a new study
by Oxford University researchers.

A team of scientists led by the University's Centre for Functional MRI of
the Brain has investigated the connections in the brains of 461 people and
compared them with 280 different behavioural and demographic measures that were
recorded for the same participants. They found that variation in brain
connectivity and an individual's traits lay on a single axis -- where those
with classically positive lifestyles and behaviours had different connections
to those with classically negative ones. The findings are published in Nature
Neuroscience.

The team used data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP), a $30m
NIH-funded brain imaging study led by Washington, Minnesota and Oxford
Universities. The HCP is pairing up functional MRI scans of 1,200 healthy
participants with in-depth data gained from tests and questionnaires. "The
quality of the imaging data is really unprecedented," explains Professor
Stephen Smith, who was the lead author of the paper. "Not only is the
number of subjects we get to study large, but the spatial and temporal
resolution of the fMRI data is way ahead of previous large datasets." So
far, data for 500 subjects have been released to researchers for analysis.

The Oxford team took the data from 461 of the scans and used it to create
an averaged map of the brain's processes across the participants. "You can
think of it as a population-average map of 200 regions across the brain that
are functionally distinct from each other," explains Professor Smith.
"Then, we looked at how much all of those regions communicated with each
other, in every participant."

The result is a connectome for every subject: a detailed description of how
much those 200 separate brain regions communicate with each other, which can be
thought of as a map of the brain's strongest connections. The team then added
the 280 different behavioural and demographic measures for each subject and
performed a 'canonical correlation analysis' between the two data sets -- a mathematical
process that can unearth relationships between the two large sets of complex
variables.

They found one strong correlation that relates specific variations in a
subject's connectome with their behavioural and demographic measures.
Interestingly, the correlation shows that those with a connectome at one end of
scale score highly on measures typically deemed to be positive, such as
vocabulary, memory, life satisfaction, income and years of education.
Meanwhile, those at the other end of the scale were found to exhibit high
scores for traits typically considered negative, such as anger, rule-breaking,
substance use and poor sleep quality.

The researchers point out that their results resemble what psychologists
refer to as the 'general intelligence g-factor': a variable first proposed in
1904 that's sometimes used to summarize a person's abilities at different
cognitive tasks. While the new results include many real-life measures not
included in the g-factor -- such as income and life satisfaction, for instance
-- those such as memory, pattern recognition and reading ability are strongly
mirrored.

Proponents of the g-factor point out that many intelligence-related
measures are inter-related -- suggesting that if you're good at one thing,
you're likely to be good at the others, too. However, in the past, the g-factor
has also received some criticism, partly because it is not necessarily clear if
these correlations between different cognitive abilities are truly reflecting
correlations between distinct underlying brain circuits. The new results,
however, may provide an opportunity to understand if that's correct, or if the
processes in the brain tell a more complex story.

"It may be that with hundreds of different brain circuits, the tests
that are used to measure cognitive ability actually make use of different sets
of overlapping circuits," explains Professor Smith. "We hope that by
looking at brain imaging data we'll be able to relate connections in the brain
to the specific measures, and work out what these kinds of test actually
require the brain to do."

The team will continue to pursue this investigation as the set of Human
Connectome Project data sets made available to researchers increases.







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byUniversity
of Oxford. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Stephen M Smith, Thomas E Nichols, Diego Vidaurre, Anderson M Winkler,
Timothy E J Behrens, Matthew F Glasser, Kamil Ugurbil, Deanna M Barch, David C
Van Essen, Karla L Miller. A positive-negative mode of population
covariation links brain connectivity, demographics and behavior. Nature
Neuroscience, 2015; DOI: 10.1038/nn.4125

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150928122548.htm

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