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Botox membuat perjalanan mengerikan ke dalam sistem saraf kita

Para peneliti telah menunjukkan bagaimana Botox - juga dikenal sebagai Botulinum neurotoxin serotipe A - diangkut melalui saraf kita kembali ke sistem saraf pusat . Botox - terkenal karena kemampuannya untuk  keriput - telah sangat berguna untuk pengobatan over- aktif otot dan kelenturan dan  kelumpuhan jangka panjang . ....read more

Botox makes
unnerving journey into our nervous system

Date:

April 16, 2015

Source:

University of
Queensland

Summary:

Researchers have shown
how Botox -- also known as Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A -- is transported
via our nerves back to the central nervous system. Botox -- best known for its
ability to smooth wrinkles -- has been extremely useful for the treatment of
over-active muscles and spasticity as it promotes local and long-term
paralysis. To date, it has generally been accepted as safe.

......................

new research might bring
a frown to even the most heavily botoxed faces, with scientists finding how
some of the potent toxin used for cosmetic surgery escapes into the central
nervous system.

Researchers at The University of Queensland have shown how Botox -- also
known as Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A -- is transported via our nerves back
to the central nervous system.

Botox -- best known for its ability to smooth wrinkles -- has been
extremely useful for the treatment of over-active muscles and spasticity as it
promotes local and long-term paralysis.

UQ Queensland Brain Institute laboratory leader Professor Frederic Meunier
said people had used the deadliest known neurotoxin, Botox, for decades to
treat various conditions and for cosmetic purposes.

"The discovery that some of the injected toxin can travel through our
nerves is worrying, considering the extreme potency of the toxin,"
Professor Meunier said.

"However, to this day no unwanted effect attributed to such transport
has been reported, suggesting that Botox is safe to use," he said.

"While no side-effects of using Botox medically have been found yet,
finding out how this highly active toxin travels to the central nervous system
is vital because this pathway is also hijacked by other pathogens such as West
Nile or Rabies viruses.

"A detailed understanding of this pathway is likely to lead to new
treatments for some of these diseases."

Dr Tong Wang, a Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Professor Meunier's
laboratory, discovered that most of the toxin is transported to a cellular dump
where it is meant to be degraded upon reaching the central nervous system.

"For the first time, we've been able to visualize single molecules of
Botulinum toxin traveling at high speed through our nerves," Dr Wang said.

"We found that some of the active toxins manage to escape this route
and intoxicate neighboring cells, so we need to investigate this further and
find out how."

Botox is derived from naturally-occurring sources in the environment.

The study was a collaboration between scientists at the Queensland Brain
Institute, UQ's Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the
UQ School of Chemical Engineering, the CSIRO and teams from the United States
of America, France and the United Kingdom.

The discovery was made possible through cutting-edge microscopy equipment
introduced to Queensland by Professor Meunier through a Queensland
International Fellowship award and a Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and
Facilities grant from the Australian Research Council.

Findings of the research are published in the Journal of
Neuroscience.







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by University of Queensland. Note: Materials may be edited
for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.    T. Wang, S. Martin, A. Papadopulos, C.
B. Harper, T. A. Mavlyutov, D. Niranjan, N. R. Glass, J. J. Cooper-White, J.-B.
Sibarita, D. Choquet, B. Davletov, F. A. Meunier. Control of
Autophagosome Axonal Retrograde Flux by Presynaptic Activity Unveiled Using
Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A. Journal of Neuroscience, 2015; 35
(15): 6179 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3757-14.2015

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/04/150416094051.htm

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