Ditemukan Virus Novel yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit pernafasan di ular ball python--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

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Ditemukan Virus Novel  yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit pernafasan di ular ball python

Para peneliti telah mengidentifikasi virus baru yang bisa menjadi sumber dari , penyakit pernapasan kadang-kadang fatal yang telah diamati di penangkaran ball python sejak tahun 1990-an...read more 

Novel virus found that could cause
respiratory disease in ball pythons

Date:

September 9, 2014

Source:

American Society for Microbiology

Summary:

Researchers have identified a novel virus that could be the source of a
severe, sometimes fatal respiratory disease that has been observed in captive
ball pythons since the 1990s.

...........................

Researchers have identified a novel virus that could be the source of a
severe, sometimes fatal respiratory disease that has been observed in captive
ball pythons since the 1990s. The work is published this week in mBio®, the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology.

Investigators observed the virus, which they named ball python nidovirus,
in eight snakes with pneumonia; virus levels were highest in the animals' lungs
and other respiratory tract tissues. The team also sequenced the genome of the
virus, finding it to be the largest of any RNA virus yet described.

Ball pythons have become one of the most popular types of reptiles sold and
kept as pets, the authors said, because of their relatively modest size, docile
behavior and ease of care. Respiratory disease has been noted in these animals
since the 1990s but until now a potential cause has not been identified, said
senior study author Joseph L. DeRisi, PhD, chair of the Department of
Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of California, San Francisco, in
part because of the limitations of available technology.

"This is really exciting because up to this point there have been no
known viruses of this type in reptiles," DeRisi said. "Some of the
most feared diseases we know of, like Ebola virus, HIV, Middle East Respiratory
Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), did not arise
from people but have been transferred originally from animals. Our work
suggests there may be very large reservoirs of genetic diversity of viral
families that can cause human disease in under studied organisms, like
reptiles. We would do well to look broadly across all species."

DeRisi and colleagues at seven other institutions across the country
studied tissue samples from ball pythons with symptoms of respiratory disease
from seven collections in Florida, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Texas and Wisconsin.
Autopsies on the animals found lesions in the animals' upper and lower
respiratory tracts, and additional lesions in other areas of the body. Using an
electron microscope, investigators observed virus-like particles in the cells
lining the lungs of two snakes.

To identify a cause of disease, the scientists used a technique called
shotgun metagenomics to sequence RNA of eight of the snakes, finding a novel
nidovirus in all of them, but not in a search of tissues from 57 other snakes
not affected by pneumonia, collected for other studies. Additional work found
that the virus was most prevalent in the sick animals' respiratory tract
tissue, and that the nidovirus is most similar to a subset of the nidoviruses
called toroviruses, which infect mammals and ray-finned fish.

"The identification of a novel nidovirus in reptiles contributes to
our understanding of the biology and evolution of related viruses, and its
association with lung disease in pythons is a promising step toward elucidating
an etiology for this long-standing veterinary disease," DeRisi said.
"Our report will enable diagnostics that will assist in determining the
role of this virus in the causation of disease, which would allow control of
the disease in zoos and private collections."

Yet to be determined, said study coauthor Mark Stenglein, PhD, is how the
virus is spread, whether ball pythons are the primary natural host for the
virus, and how widespread the virus is in the wild. In a previous study
published in mBio in August 2012, DeRisi, Stenglein and colleagues discovered the
first reptile arenavirus. The team is continuing work identifying reptilian
viruses. "I think it's the tip of the iceberg," DeRisi said. Indeed,
within the same month, two additional groups reported identification of a
nearly identical virus, in a total of five additional pythons, all with lung
disease.







Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided
by American Society for Microbiology. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Mark D. Stenglein et al. Ball Python Nidovirus: a Candidate
Etiologic Agent for Severe Respiratory Disease in Python regius. mBio,
September 2014 DOI:10.1128/mBio.01484-14

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/09/140909093827.htm

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