' Carbon sink ' terdeteksi di bawah gurun dunia--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

SILAHKAN MENGGUNAKAN " MESIN TRANSLATE "..GOOGLE TRANSLATE
DISAMPING KANAN INI.............

PLEASE USE ........ "TRANSLATE MACHINE" .. GOOGLE TRANSLATE BESIDE RIGHT THIS

.................


T-REC -TUGUMUDA REPTILES COMMUNITY-INDONESIA


More info :
www.trecsemarang2011.blogspot.com
minat gabung : ( menerima keanggotaan seluruh kota dan daerah di Indonesia )
08995557626
..................................
KSE – KOMUNITAS SATWA EKSOTIK – EXOTIC PETS COMMUNITY-- INDONESIA
Visit Our Community and Joint W/ Us....Welcome All Over The World
www.facebook.com/groups/komunitassatwaeksotik/
 KSE = KOMUNITAS SATWA EKSOTIK

MENGATASI KENDALA MINAT DAN JARAK

KAMI ADA DI TIAP KOTA DI INDONESIA
DETAIL TENTANG KSE-----KLIK : www.komunitassatwaeksotik-pendaftaran.blogspot.com

GABUNG......... ( menerima keanggotaan seluruh kota dan daerah di Indonesia )
HUBUNGI   :  089617123865-08995557626

.........................

' Carbon sink ' terdeteksi di bawah gurun dunia

Date:

July 28, 2015

Source:

American Geophysical Union

Summary:

Gurun di dunia dapat menyimpan beberapa climate-changing carbon dioxide emitted oleh aktivitas manusia , sebuah studi baru menunjukkan . Akuifer besar di bawah gurun bisa menahan karbon lebih dari semua tanaman di darat , menurut penelitian baru .

............. Manusia menambahkan karbon dioksida ke atmosfer melalui pembakaran bahan bakar fosil dan penggundulan hutan . Sekitar 40 persen dari karbon ini tetap di atmosfer dan sekitar 30 persen memasuki lautan , menurut University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Para ilmuwan berpikir karbon yang tersisa diambil oleh tanaman di darat, namun pengukuran menunjukkan tanaman tidak menyerap semua karbon sisa . Para ilmuwan telah mencari tempat di tanah di mana karbon tambahan disimpan –yang disebut  " penyerap karbon hilang  " ...,more

'Carbon sink'
detected underneath world's deserts

Date:

July 28, 2015

Source:

American Geophysical Union

Summary:

The world's deserts may be storing some of the climate-changing carbon
dioxide emitted by human activities, a new study suggests. Massive aquifers
underneath deserts could hold more carbon than all the plants on land,
according to the new research.

....................

The world's deserts may be storing some of the climate-changing carbon
dioxide emitted by human activities, a new study suggests. Massive aquifers
underneath deserts could hold more carbon than all the plants on land,
according to the new research.

Humans add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere through fossil fuel combustion
and deforestation. About 40 percent of this carbon stays in the atmosphere and
roughly 30 percent enters the ocean, according to the University Corporation
for Atmospheric Research. Scientists thought the remaining carbon was taken up
by plants on land, but measurements show plants don't absorb all of the leftover
carbon. Scientists have been searching for a place on land where the additional
carbon is being stored--the so-called "missing carbon sink."

The new study suggests some of this carbon may be disappearing underneath
the world's deserts -- a process exacerbated by irrigation. Scientists
examining the flow of water through a Chinese desert found that carbon from the
atmosphere is being absorbed by crops, released into the soil and transported
underground in groundwater--a process that picked up when farming entered the
region 2,000 years ago.

Underground aquifers store the dissolved carbon deep below the desert where
it can't escape back to the atmosphere, according to the new study.

The new study estimates that because of agriculture roughly 14 times more
carbon than previously thought could be entering these underground desert
aquifers every year. These underground pools that taken together cover an area
the size of North America may account for at least a portion of the
"missing carbon sink" for which scientists have been searching.

"The carbon is stored in these geological structures covered by thick
layers of sand, and it may never return to the atmosphere," said Yan Li, a
desert biogeochemist with the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Urumqi, Xinjiang,
and lead author of the study accepted for publication in Geophysical
Research Letters, a journal of the American Geophysical Union. "It is
basically a one-way trip."

Knowing the locations of carbon sinks could improve models used to predict
future climate change and enhance calculations of the Earth's carbon budget, or
the amount of fossil fuels humans can burn without causing major changes in the
Earth's temperature, according to the study's authors.

Although there are most likely many missing carbon sinks around the world,
desert aquifers could be important ones, said Michael Allen, a soil ecologist
from the Center for Conservation Biology at the University of
California-Riverside who was not an author on the new study.

If farmers and water managers understand the role heavily-irrigated inland
deserts play in storing the world's carbon, they may be able to alter how much
carbon enters these underground reserves, he said.

"This means [managers] can take practical steps that could play a role
in addressing carbon budgets," said Allen.

Examining desert water

To find out where deserts tucked away the extra carbon, Li and his
colleagues analyzed water samples from the Tarim Basin, a Venezuela-sized
valley in China's Xinjiang region. Water draining from rivers in the
surrounding mountains support farms that edge the desert in the center of the
basin.

The researchers measured the amount of carbon in each water sample and
calculated the age of the carbon to figure out how long the water had been in
the ground.

The study shows the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in the water doubles
as it filters through irrigated fields. The scientists suggest carbon dioxide
in the air is taken up by the desert crops. Some of this carbon is released
into the soil through the plant's roots. At the same time, microbes also add
carbon dioxide to the soil when they break down sugars in the dirt. In a dry
desert, this gas would work its way out of the soil into the air. But on arid
farms, the carbon dioxide emitted by the roots and microbes is picked up by
irrigation water, according to the new study.

In these dry regions, where water is scarce, farmers over-irrigate their
land to protect their crops from salts that are left behind when water used for
farming evaporates. Over-irrigating washes these salts, along with carbon
dioxide that is dissolved in the water, deeper into the earth, according to the
new study.

Although this process of carbon burial occurs naturally, the scientists
estimate that the amount of carbon disappearing under the Tarim Desert each
year is almost 12 times higher because of agriculture. They found that the
amount of carbon entering the desert aquifer in the Tarim Desert jumped around
the time the Silk Road, which opened the region to farming, begin to flourish.

After the carbon-rich water flows down into the aquifer near the farms and
rivers, it moves sideways toward the middle of the desert, a process that takes
roughly 10,000 years.

Any carbon dissolved in the water stays underground as it makes its way
through the aquifer to the center of the desert, where it remains for thousands
of years, according to the new study.

Estimating carbon storage

Based on the various rates that carbon entered the desert throughout
history, the study's authors estimate 20 billion metric tons (22 billion U.S.
tons) of carbon is stored underneath the Tarim Basin desert, dissolved in an
aquifer that contains roughly 10 times the amount of water held in the North
American Great Lakes.

The study's authors approximate the world's desert aquifers contain roughly
1 trillion metric tons (1 trillion U.S. tons) of carbon--about a quarter more
than the amount stored in living plants on land.

Li said more information about water movement patterns and carbon
measurements from other desert basins are needed to improve the estimate of
carbon stored underneath deserts around the globe.

Allen said the new study is "an early foray" into this research
area. "It is as much a call for further research as a definitive final
answer," he said.







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byAmerican
Geophysical Union. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Yan Li, Yu-Gang Wang, R. A. Houghton, Li-Song Tang.Hidden carbon sink
beneath desert. Geophysical Research Letters, 2015; DOI: 10.1002/2015GL064222

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/07/150728110539.htm

Share this: