Diet paleo : otak besar memerlukan karbohidrat--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik

SILAHKAN MENGGUNAKAN " MESIN TRANSLATE "..GOOGLE TRANSLATE
DISAMPING KANAN INI.............

PLEASE USE ........ "TRANSLATE MACHINE" .. GOOGLE TRANSLATE BESIDE RIGHT THIS

.................


T-REC -TUGUMUDA REPTILES COMMUNITY-INDONESIA


More info :
www.trecsemarang2011.blogspot.com
minat gabung : ( menerima keanggotaan seluruh kota dan daerah di Indonesia )
08995557626
..................................
KSE – KOMUNITAS SATWA EKSOTIK – EXOTIC PETS COMMUNITY-- INDONESIA
Visit Our Community and Joint W/ Us....Welcome All Over The World
www.facebook.com/groups/komunitassatwaeksotik/
 KSE = KOMUNITAS SATWA EKSOTIK

MENGATASI KENDALA MINAT DAN JARAK

KAMI ADA DI TIAP KOTA DI INDONESIA
DETAIL TENTANG KSE-----KLIK : www.komunitassatwaeksotik-pendaftaran.blogspot.com

GABUNG......... ( menerima keanggotaan seluruh kota dan daerah di Indonesia )
HUBUNGI   :  089617123865-08995557626

.........................

Diet paleo : otak besar memerlukan karbohidrat

Date:

August 6, 2015

Source:

University of Chicago Press Journals

Summary:

Memahami bagaimana dan mengapa otak besar kita berevolusi  tersebut adalah salah satu masalah yang paling membingungkan dalam studi evolusi manusia . Sebuah studi baru menyatakan bahwa konsumsi karbohidrat , terutama dalam bentuk pati , sangat penting untuk perluasan percepatan otak manusia selama jutaan tahun terakhir . Makan daging mungkin memiliki kick-started pd evolusi otak yang lebih besar , tapi  makanan bertepung dimasak  bersama-sama dengan gen saliva amilase membuat kita lebih pintar .

.................. Dengan peningkatan global dalam obesitas dan penyakit metabolik yang berhubungan dengan diet ,  telah diintensifkan di ancestral  atau diet ' Palaeolithic ' , paling tidak karena - ke urutan pertama dari pendekatan - fisiologi manusia harus dioptimalkan untuk profil gizi yang kita alami selama evolusi kita . Sampai sekarang , telah ada fokus berat pada peran protein hewani dan memasak dalam pengembangan otak manusia selama 2 juta tahun terakhir , dan pentingnya karbohidrat , khususnya dalam bentuk makanan nabati kaya-tepung ,  yang telah sebagian besar diabaikan .....more

Paleo diet: Big
brains needed carbs

Importance of dietary carbohydrate in human evolution

Date:

August 6, 2015

Source:

University of Chicago Press Journals

Summary:

Understanding how and why we evolved such large brains is one of the most
puzzling issues in the study of human evolution. A new study argues that
carbohydrate consumption, particularly in the form of starch, was critical for
the accelerated expansion of the human brain over the last million years.
Eating meat may have kick-started the evolution of bigger brains, but cooked
starchy foods together with more salivary amylase genes made us smarter still.

...................

Understanding how and why we evolved such large brains is one of the most
puzzling issues in the study of human evolution. It is widely accepted that
brain size increase is partly linked to changes in diet over the last 3 million
years, and increases in meat consumption and the development of cooking have
received particular attention from the scientific community. In a new study
published in The Quarterly Review of Biology, Dr. Karen Hardy and
her team bring together archaeological, anthropological, genetic, physiological
and anatomical data to argue that carbohydrate consumption, particularly in the
form of starch, was critical for the accelerated expansion of the human brain
over the last million years, and coevolved both with copy number variation of
the salivary amylase genes and controlled fire use for cooking.

With global increase in obesity and diet-related metabolic diseases,
interest has intensified in ancestral or 'Palaeolithic' diets, not least
because -- to a first order of approximation -- human physiology should be
optimized for the nutritional profiles we have experienced during our
evolution. Up until now, there has been a heavy focus on the role of animal
protein and cooking in the development of the human brain over the last 2
million years, and the importance of carbohydrate, particular in form of
starch-rich plant foods, has been largely overlooked.

Hardy's team highlights the following observations to build a case for
dietary carbohydrate being essential for the evolution of modern big-brained
humans:

(1) The human brain
uses up to 25% of the body's energy budget and up to 60% of blood glucose.
While synthesis of glucose from other sources is possible, it is not the most
efficient way, and these high glucose demands are unlikely to have been met on
a low carbohydrate diet;

(2) Human pregnancy
and lactation place additional demands on the body's glucose budget and low
maternal blood glucose levels compromise the health of both the mother and her
offspring;

(3) Starches would
have been readily available to ancestral human populations in the form of
tubers, as well as in seeds and some fruits and nuts;

(4) While raw starches
are often only poorly digested in humans, when cooked they lose their
crystalline structure and become far more easily digested;

(5) Salivary amylase
genes are usually present in many copies (average ~6) in humans, but in only 2
copies in other primates. This increases the amount of salivary amylase
produced and so increases the ability to digest starch. The exact date when
salivary amylase genes multiplied remains uncertain, but genetic evidence
suggests it was at some point in the last 1 million years.

Hardy proposes that after cooking became widespread, the co-evolution of
cooking and higher copy number of the salivary amylase (and possibly pancreatic
amylase) genes increased the availability of pre-formed dietary glucose to the
brain and fetus, which in turn, permitted the acceleration in brain size
increase which occurred from around 800,000 years ago onwards.

Eating meat may have kick-started the evolution of bigger brains, but
cooked starchy foods together with more salivary amylase genes made us smarter
still.







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byUniversity of Chicago Press Journals. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Karen Hardy, Jennie Brand-Miller, Katherine D. Brown, Mark G. Thomas, Les
Copeland. The Importance of Dietary Carbohydrate in Human Evolution. The
Quarterly Review of Biology, 2015; 90 (3): 251 DOI: 10.1086/682587
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/08/150806133148.htm

Share this: