Air cair mengalir di Mars saat ini : NASA menegaskan buktinya--T-REC-komunitas reptil-semarang--KSE-komunitas satwa eksotik--mars-berita tentang mars

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Air cair mengalir di Mars saat ini : NASA menegaskan buktinya

Date:

September 28, 2015

Source:

NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Summary:

Temuan baru dari NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter ( MRO ) memberikan bukti terkuat bahwa air cair mengalir sebentar-sebentar pada saat ini di  Mars . Menggunakan spektrometer pencitraan pada MRO , peneliti mendeteksi ‘signature’  dari mineral terhidrasi di lereng di mana garis-garis misterius terlihat di Planet Merah . Ini garis-garis darkish tampak surut dan mengalir dari waktu ke waktu .

............... Menggunakan spektrometer pencitraan pada MRO , peneliti mendeteksi ‘signature’  dari mineral terhidrasi di lereng di mana garis-garis misterius terlihat di Planet Merah . Ini garis-garis darkish tampak surut dan mengalir dari waktu ke waktu . Mereka gelap dan muncul mengalir ke  lereng curam turun selama musim hangat , dan kemudian memudar di musim dingin . Mereka muncul di beberapa lokasi di Mars ketika suhu di atas minus 10 derajat Fahrenheit (minus 23 Celsius ) , dan menghilang saat lebih dingin ....more

Liquid water
flows on today's Mars: NASA confirms evidence

Date:

September 28, 2015

Source:

NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Summary:

New findings from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) provide the
strongest evidence yet that liquid water flows intermittently on present-day
Mars. Using an imaging spectrometer on MRO, researchers detected signatures of
hydrated minerals on slopes where mysterious streaks are seen on the Red
Planet. These darkish streaks appear to ebb and flow over time.

........................

New findings from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) provide the
strongest evidence yet that liquid water flows intermittently on present-day
Mars.

Using an imaging spectrometer on MRO, researchers detected signatures of
hydrated minerals on slopes where mysterious streaks are seen on the Red
Planet. These darkish streaks appear to ebb and flow over time. They darken and
appear to flow down steep slopes during warm seasons, and then fade in cooler
seasons. They appear in several locations on Mars when temperatures are above
minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 23 Celsius), and disappear at colder times.

"Our quest on Mars has been to 'follow the water,' in our search for
life in the universe, and now we have convincing science that validates what
we've long suspected," said John Grunsfeld, astronaut and associate
administrator of NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. "This
is a significant development, as it appears to confirm that water -- albeit
briny -- is flowing today on the surface of Mars."

These downhill flows, known as recurring slope lineae (RSL), often have
been described as possibly related to liquid water. The new findings of
hydrated salts on the slopes point to what that relationship may be to these
dark features. The hydrated salts would lower the freezing point of a liquid
brine, just as salt on roads here on Earth causes ice and snow to melt more
rapidly. Scientists say it's likely a shallow subsurface flow, with enough
water wicking to the surface to explain the darkening.

"We found the hydrated salts only when the seasonal features were
widest, which suggests that either the dark streaks themselves or a process
that forms them is the source of the hydration. In either case, the detection
of hydrated salts on these slopes means that water plays a vital role in the
formation of these streaks," said Lujendra Ojha of the Georgia Institute
of Technology (Georgia Tech) in Atlanta, lead author of a report on these
findings published Sept. 28 by Nature Geoscience.

Ojha first noticed these puzzling features as a University of Arizona
undergraduate student in 2010, using images from the MRO's High Resolution
Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE). HiRISE observations now have documented
RSL at dozens of sites on Mars. The new study pairs HiRISE observations with
mineral mapping by MRO's Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars
(CRISM).

The spectrometer observations show signatures of hydrated salts at multiple
RSL locations, but only when the dark features were relatively wide. When the
researchers looked at the same locations and RSL weren't as extensive, they
detected no hydrated salt.

Ojha and his co-authors interpret the spectral signatures as caused by
hydrated minerals called perchlorates. The hydrated salts most consistent with
the chemical signatures are likely a mixture of magnesium perchlorate,
magnesium chlorate and sodium perchlorate. Some perchlorates have been shown to
keep liquids from freezing even when conditions are as cold as minus 94 degrees
Fahrenheit (minus 70 Celsius). On Earth, naturally produced perchlorates are
concentrated in deserts, and some types of perchlorates can be used as rocket
propellant.

Perchlorates have previously been seen on Mars. NASA's Phoenix lander and
Curiosity rover both found them in the planet's soil, and some scientists
believe that the Viking missions in the 1970s measured signatures of these
salts. However, this study of RSL detected perchlorates, now in hydrated form,
in different areas than those explored by the landers. This also is the first
time perchlorates have been identified from orbit.

MRO has been examining Mars since 2006 with its six science instruments.

"The ability of MRO to observe for multiple Mars years with a payload
able to see the fine detail of these features has enabled findings such as
these: first identifying the puzzling seasonal streaks and now making a big
step towards explaining what they are," said Rich Zurek, MRO project
scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

For Ojha, the new findings are more proof that the mysterious lines he
first saw darkening Martian slopes five years ago are, indeed, present-day
water.

"When most people talk about water on Mars, they're usually talking
about ancient water or frozen water," he said. "Now we know there's
more to the story. This is the first spectral detection that unambiguously
supports our liquid water-formation hypotheses for RSL."

The discovery is the latest of many breakthroughs by NASA's Mars missions.

"It took multiple spacecraft over several years to solve this mystery,
and now we know there is liquid water on the surface of this cold, desert
planet," said Michael Meyer, lead scientist for NASA's Mars Exploration
Program at the agency's headquarters in Washington. "It seems that the
more we study Mars, the more we learn how life could be supported and where
there are resources to support life in the future."







Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided byNASA/Jet
Propulsion Laboratory. Note: Materials may be edited for content
and length.







Journal Reference:

1.   
Lujendra Ojha, Mary Beth Wilhelm, Scott L. Murchie, Alfred S. McEwen, James
J. Wray, Jennifer Hanley, Marion Massé & Matt Chojnacki. Spectral
evidence for hydrated salts in recurring slope lineae on Mars AOP. Nature
Geoscience, 2015; DOI: 10.1038/ngeo2546

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150928094114.htm

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