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Kepiting raja mengancam ekosistem Antartika karena pemanasan laut

Kedatangan predator ' radikal bisa mengubah kehidupan laut

Date:

September 28, 2015

Source:

Florida Institute of Technology

Summary:

Kepiting raja akan segera menjadi predator tingkat tinggi di ekosistem laut Antartika di mana mereka tidak memainkan peran dalam puluhan juta tahun lalu , menurut sebuah studi baru .

................ Penulis utama Richard Aronson , profesor dan kepala Departemen Florida Tech of Biological Sciences , mengatakan suhu naik dari laut sebelah barat dari semenanjung Antartika  - salah satu tempat pemanasan paling cepat di planet ini -  memungkinkan untuk populasi kepiting pindah ke landas kontinen dangkal dari habitat laut dalam mereka saat ini dalam beberapa dekade mendatang ....more

King crabs threaten Antarctic ecosystem due to warming ocean

Predators' arrival could radically alter marine life

Date:

September 28, 2015

Source:

Florida Institute of Technology

Summary:

King crabs may soon become high-level predators in Antarctic marine ecosystems where they haven't played a role in tens of millions of years, according to a new study.

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King crabs may soon become high-level predators in Antarctic marine ecosystems where they haven't played a role in tens of millions of years, according to a new study led by Florida Institute of Technology.

"No Barrier to Emergence of Bathyal King Crabs on the Antarctic Shelf," published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, ties the reappearance of these crabs to global warming.

Lead author Richard Aronson, professor and head of Florida Tech's Department of Biological Sciences, said the rising temperature of the ocean west of the Antarctic Peninsula -- one of the most rapidly warming places on the planet -- should make it possible for king crab populations to move to the shallow continental shelf from their current deep-sea habitat within the next several decades.

Researchers found no barriers, such as salinity levels, types of sediments on the sea floor, or food resources, to prevent the predatory crustaceans from arriving if the water became warm enough.

That arrival would have a huge impact.

"Because other creatures on the continental shelf have evolved without shell-crushing predators, if the crabs moved in they could radically restructure the ecosystem," Aronson said.

The study provides initial data and does not by itself prove that crab populations will expand into shallower waters. "The only way to test the hypothesis that the crabs are expanding their depth-range is to track their movements through long-term monitoring," said James McClintock of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), another author of the study.

In the 2010-11 Antarctic summer, in research funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the team used an underwater camera sled to document a reproductive population of the crabs for the first time on the continental slope off Marguerite Bay on the western Antarctic Peninsula. That area is only a few hundred meters deeper than the continental shelf where the delicate ecosystem flourishes.

The overall effect of the migration of king crabs to shallower waters, explained postdoctoral scientist and study co-author Kathryn Smith of Florida Institute of Technology, would be to make the unique Antarctic ecosystem much more like ecosystems in other areas of the globe, a process ecologists call biotic homogenization.

Such changes, the researchers conclude, would fundamentally alter the Antarctic sea-floor ecosystem and diminish the diversity of marine ecosystems globally.

The data used in the paper were collected during an expedition to Antarctica run jointly by NSF, the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat and the Swedish Research Council. The expedition included scientists from Florida Tech, UAB, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, the University of Gothenburg in Sweden and the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom.

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Story Source:

The above post is reprinted from materials provided by Florida Institute of Technology. Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

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Journal Reference:

1.    Richard B. Aronson, Kathryn E. Smith, Stephanie C. Vos, James B. McClintock, Margaret O. Amsler, Per-Olav Moksnes, Daniel S. Ellis, Jeffrey Kaeli, Hanumant Singh, John W. Bailey, Jessica C. Schiferl, Robert van Woesik, Michael A. Martin, Brittan V. Steffel, Michelle E. Deal, Steven M. Lazarus, Jonathan N. Havenhand, Rasmus Swalethorp, Sanne Kjellerup, and Sven Thatje. No barrier to emergence of bathyal king crabs on the Antarctic shelf. PNAS, September 28, 2015 DOI:10.1073/pnas.1513962112

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/09/150928155847.htm

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